CBNS 106 Practicum Terms

What direction is this?

Dorsal

What direction is this?

Anterior

What direction is this?

Rostral

What direction is this?

Ventral

What direction is this?

Caudal

What direction is this?

Posterior

What directional term is represented by the brown line?

Medial

What directional term is represented by the black dotted lines?

Lateral

In relation to the star, what directional term is represented by the green arrow?

superior

In relation to the star, what directional term is represented by the blue dashed arrows?

inferior

In relation to the star, what directional term is represented by the blue dotted arrow?

Proximal

In relation to the star, what directional term is represented by the gray arrow?

Distal

What is this(the line pointing to the darker material)?

Gray matter

What is this(the line pointing to the lighter material)?

White matter

What structure is this?

Cerebrum

What structure is this(green square)?

Cerebellum

Name its function(green square)

movement coordination, maintaining posture, fine motor movement, motor learning, receives some sensory information

What structure is this(light green arrows)?

Cerebellar hemispheres

Where is this structure (light green arrows) located?

cerebellum

What structure is this(blue arrow)?

Cerebellar vermis

Name its function (blue arrow)

participates in proprioception(ability to perceive your body’s position and movements w/o looking)

Where is this structure (blue arrows) located?

cerebellum

What structure is this (orange square)?

Spinal cord

What structure is this (blue highlighted section)?

Frontal lobe

Where is this structure (blue highlighted section) located?

cerebrum

Name its function (blue highlighted section)

controls higher order cognitive functions & contains the prefrontal cortex, primary motor cortex, and premotor areas

What structure is this (green highlighted section)?

Parietal lobe

Where is this structure (green highlighted section) located?

cerebrum

Name its function (green highlighted section)

processes sensory input related to somatosensation and more complex aspects of vision

What structure is this (red highlighted section)?

Occipital lobe

Where is this structure (red highlighted section) located?

cerebrum

Name its function (red highlighted section)

processes sensory information(specifically vision-contains visual cortex)

What structure is this (orange highlighted section)?

Temporal lobe

Where is this structure (orange highlighted section) located?

cerebrum

Name its function (orange highlighted section)

processes auditory stimuli and contains language processing areas

What structure is this (yellow highlighted section)?

Pyriform lobe

Name its function (yellow highlighted section)

responsible for olfaction (smell)

What is this (yellow line)?

Rhinal fissure

What is the function of the Rhinal Fissure?

divides the cerebrum from underlying structures

What is this (orange line)?

Sylvian fissure

What is the function of the sylvian fissure?

Divides the frontal lobe from the parietal and temporal lobes

What is this (red line)?

Medial longitudinal fissure

What is the function of the medial longitudinal fissure?

divides the two hemispheres of the brain

What is the function of the meninges?

provide physical support and cushioning for the brain, enclose cerebrospinal fluid

What are the parts of the meninges?

Dura mater, Arachnoid mater, Pia mater

What is the function of the dura mater?

outermost layer of the meninges, protects the brain and spinal cord, keeps the brain stable during movement

What is the function of the arachnoid mater?

middle layer, houses the arachnoid space, provides blood-brain barrier(prevents fluids from entering the blood), connects to pia mater and dura mater

What is the function of the pia mater?

delivers nutrients to the brain tissue surface, helps contain cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)

What is the function of cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)?

provides physical cushioning for the brain, supplies water and ions throughout the CNS

What is this (1/I.)?

olfactory nerve

Function and modality of nerve 1?

smell

sensory

What is this (2/II.)?

opticn nerve

function and modality of nerve 2?

vision

sensory

What is this( 3/III.)?

oculomotor nerve

function and modality of nerve 3

blinking, eye movements

motor

What is this (4/IV.)?

trochlear nerve

function and modality of nerve 4?

eye movements

motor

What is this (5/V.)?

trigeminal nerve

function and modality of nerve 5?

taste and jaw movement

both sensory and motor

What is this (6/VI.)?

abducens

function and modality of nerve 6?

eye movements

motor

Name, function, and modality of nerve 7?

facial nerve

facial movements and taste

both sensory and motor

Name, function, and modality of nerve 8?

vestibulocochlear nerve

hearing and balance

sensory

Name, function, and modality of nerve 9?

glossopharyngeal nerve

ability to taste and swallow

both sensory and motor

Name, function, and modality of nerve 10?

vagus

digestion and heart rate

both sensory and motor

What is this (11/XI.)?

spinal accessory nerve

function and modality of nerve 11?

shoulder and neck movement

motor

Name, function, and modality of nerve 12?

hypoglossal nerve

tongue movement

motor

What structure is this (B)?

Optic chiasm

What structure is this (green line)?

Optic chiasm

What structure is this (C)?

Hypothalamus

What structure is this (yellow line)?

Hypothalamus

What is the function of the hypothalamus?

site of hormone synthesis, regulates homeostatic processes (body temp, hunger, etc.), regulates autonomic nervous system

What is this (D)?

Midbrain

What is this(green box)?

Midbrain

What is the function of the midbrain?

regulates eye movement, pupil dilation, and motor control

What is this(gray line)?

Superior colliculus

What is the function of the superior colliculus?

processes visual input and helps with gaze direction

What is this (pink line)?

Inferior colliculus

What is the function of the inferior colliculus?

helps with auditory processing

What is this (E)?

Pons

What is this (red line)?

Pons

What is the function of the pons?

regulates autonomic functions such as sleep and arousal, communicates with cerebellum and forebrain

What is this(F)?

Medulla

What is the function of the medulla?

regulates autonomic functions such as breathing, heart rate, etc.

What is this (G)?

Pyramidal tract

What is the function of the pyramidal tract?

contains some of the nerves that execute motor functions from the cortex through the spinal cord

What is this (1)?

Gyri/Gyrus

outward bumps of the cortex

What is this (2)?

Sulci/Sulcus

inward folds of the cortex

What is this (1)?

Inferior Colliculus

What is this (2)?

4th ventricle

What is this (3)?

Medulla

What is this (4)?

Pons

What is this (5)?

Midbrain

What is this (6)?

Cerebral aqueduct

What is the function of the cerebral aqueduct?

Contains cerebrospinal fluid, connects 3rd and 4th ventricles

What is this (7)?

Hypothalamus

What is this (8)?

Optic nerve

What is this (9)?

Septum Pellucidum

What is the function of the septum pellucidum?

is a thin membrane that separates right and left lateral ventricles