CS1140 Chapter 3: Selections

flowchart

A diagram representing a process, problem, or computer algorithm.

lazy operator

An operator that does not evaluate all its operands.

operator associativity

Determines the order of evaluation for operators of the same precedence.

operator precedence

Rules determining which operators are evaluated earlier in an expression.

selection statement

Used for programming with alternative courses of action.

short-circuit operator

An operator that stops evaluating subexpressions once the result is known.

boolean data type

A data type that can store a true or false value.

Boolean expression

An expression that evaluates to a Boolean value.

Boolean value

Either true or false.

conditional operator

A ternary operator used to evaluate expressions conditionally.

dangling else ambiguity

An ambiguity in nested if-else statements where an else might be paired with the wrong if.

debugging

The process of finding and fixing errors in program code.

fall-through behavior

When execution continues into the next switch case because a break statement is omitted.

Boolean variable storage

A boolean-type variable can store a true or false value.

Relational operators

Operators like

Types of selection statements

One-way if, two-way if-else, nested if, multi-way if-else, switch, and conditional operators.

If statement control decisions

Control decisions are made based on the true or false evaluation of a Boolean expression.

Boolean operators in Java

The operators &&, ||, !, and ^ operate with Boolean values and variables.

Short-circuit AND (&&)

Evaluates p1 first, then evaluates p2 only if p1 is true.

Short-circuit OR (||)

Evaluates p1 first, then evaluates p2 only if p1 is false.

Switch statement expression types

Can be of type char, byte, short, int, or String.

Switch break keyword

Optional, used at the end of each case to skip the remainder of the switch statement.

Expression evaluation order

Determined by parentheses, operator precedence, and operator associativity.

Parentheses in expressions

Can be used to force the order of evaluation to occur in any sequence.

Precedence evaluation rule

Operators with higher precedence are evaluated earlier.

Binary operator associativity

All binary operators except assignment operators are left associative.

Assignment operator associativity

Assignment operators are right associative.

Missing break in switch

If a break statement is not present, the next case statement will be executed.

Associativity for same precedence

Determines the order of evaluation for operators of the same precedence.

Conditional statement purpose

Selection statements provide alternative courses of actions in programming.