Med Term Pt.2

Acromegaly

abnormally large upper and lower extremities ( hands , feet , etc. ) brought about by an increased production of growth hormone

Axillary

pertaining to the axilla Axillary lymphadenopathy is the enlargement of diseased lymph nodes in the axilla characterized by swollen armpits

Blepharoplasty

the surgical repair of the eyelid

Brachialgia

severe pain in the arm

Buccal

means anything relating to the cheek

Buccal mucosa refers to the interior lining of the cheek .

Canthotomy

minor procedure where incision of tissues at the angle of the eye is performed to reduce pressure in orbital compartment syndrome , or to gain access to the bony orbit .

Capitate bone

the largest hand bone at the center of the wrist that is shaped like a rounded head .

Carpoptosis

a condition characterized by paralyzed extensor muscles of the hand and the fingers

Caudalanesthesia

anesthesia performed by inject- ing a local anesthetic agent into the lower end of the sacrum and coccyx ( tail bone ) This provides pain relief from the umbilical ( navel ) region and below .

Cephalohematoma

Occurring in infants , it pertains to a traumatic , solidified clotting of blood that takes place beneath the inner skin of the newborn's head .

Cervicogenicheadache

refers to a secondary headache brought about by a lesion or an injury in the neck ( cervical spine )

Cheilosis

inflamed lip corners , accompanied by redness , scaling , and cracking of the mouth corners

Cheiropompholyx

severely itchy skin eruptions on the sides of the fingers and the palms , made up of small blisters

Ciliary muscle

a smooth muscle ring situated in the middle layer of the eye

Dermatitis

inflammation of the skin , caused by allergy

Dorsiflexion

the backward bending of the foot or the hand

Facioscapulohumeral Musculardystrophy

is a rare inherited disorder , which begins by affecting the skeletal muscles of the face.

It then proceeds to affect the shoulders ( scapula ) , and the upper arms ( humeral ) .

Gingivitis

Inflammation of the gums

Glossodynia

pain in the tongue , characterized by a burning sensation

Orthognathic

pertains to maintaining jaws in their correct relation and dimension .

An Orthognathic surgery means an operation conducted to fix jaw deformities due to size or position .

Inguinodynia

Postsurgical pain felt after the operation of an inguinal hernia.

An Inguinal hernia occurs when the tissues of the intestines push through the base of the abdomen . It appears as a lump in the groin . It also reveals itself as an enlargement of the scrotum in males .

Iridociclitis

inflammation of the iris as well as the ciliary parts of the eye

Labia

the lip - like skin folds of the vul- va which serves as a protection to the opening of the vagina .

Laparoscopy

a surgical operation where a fiber-optic gadget is introduced via the abdominal wall , to allow the surgeon to see the organs within the abdomen

Bilateral

means on both sides

Hence , Bilateral micromastia refers to the underdevelopment of tissues in both breasts after puberty .

Unilateral

In the same way

unilateral hearing loss refers to single sided deafness , where only one ear is affected .

Linguogingival

pertains to the tongue and the gums

Hence , a linguogingival groove during the embryonic stage refers to the furrow which separates the mandibular part of the tongue from the rest of the mandible .

Mammogram

is an x - ray examination of the breasts

Gynecomastia

the abnormal enlargement of breasts in males due to hormonal imbalances

Nasogastric

pertains to the mouth and stomach ( gastric )

Hence , a Nasogastric intubation is a medical procedure where a plastic tube ( nasogastric tube ) is introduced via the nose , through the throat , and into the stomach , for assisted ventilation .

Occipital bone

refers to a saucer - shaped bone located at the lower back area of the skull.

It contains the back portion of the brain .

Oculogyric

pertains to the elevation of the visual gaze in both eyes

Odontoma

a benign tumor associated with the development of the teeth

Paronychia

painful and pus - filled soft tissue infection involving the fingernails

Opthalmoscopy

a non-invasive medical procedure where the eye doctor ( ophthalmologist ) utilizes an opthalmoscope to view and check the inside of the eye

Optometry

An assessment method done to evaluate vision and to determine whether glasses or contacts are required to fix a visual problem

Oropharyngeal

Involves the mouth as well as the pharynx

Hence , Oropharyngeal dysphagia pertains to difficulty in swallowing due to abnormalities or malfunction not just in the throat but also in the mouth .

Otitis media

Inflammation of the middle ear brought about by an infection ( caused by either bacteria or a virus ) spreading to the Eustachian tube

Papilloma

a non - cancerous tumor in the breast ducts which consists of mammary epithelium ( cells which make up the breast's duct wall linings )

Pelviectasis

the dilation of the renal pelvis

Phalloplasty

a surgical procedure performed to augment or to repair the penis

Pilocystic

term used to denote a cyst which contains hair

Podiatry

a branch of medicine which is dedicated to the treatment , both medical and surgical , of the foot and other parts of the lower extremities

Rhinorrhea

pertains to a condition where the nasal cavity is persistently filled with substantial amounts of mucous fluid

Somatogenic

relates to the body

Hence , Somatogenic diseases refer to illnesses which originate from the parts of the

Stethoscope

an acoustic tool , usually placed against the chest , used for listening to the inner sounds of the body , so as to aid in diagnosis

Stomatitis

inflamed mucus membranes of the mouth

Subtalar dislocation

the dislocation of a bone in the hindfoot , which connects with the tibia ( shinbone ) and the fibula ( lateral leg bone )

Tarsalgia

pain experienced in the rear area of the foot

Thoracentesis

a sterile procedure wherein fluid is removed from the pleural space ( the space between the two pleural membranes of the lung )

Trachelomyitis

inflammation of the neck muscles

Trichiasis

a condition where the direction of the growth of the eyelash is changed .The lashes end up growing inward to the direction of the eyeball .

Ventrogluteal IM

a deep muscular injection into the gluteus medius on the outer surface of the pelvis

Acanthocyte

a red blood cell with a spinous cell membrane

Aerosinusitis

inflamed nasal sinuses , more commonly experienced by deep sea divers and high altitude flyers

Analgesics

a group of pharmaceutical drugs used to obtain relief from pain

Androblastoma

tumor in the testicles

Bronchoconstrictor

an element or a drug which causes the airways in the lungs to constrict and narrow

Bronchiolitis

a severe viral infection affecting the lungs where there is inflammation of the bronchioles

Carcinogen

any substance , usually a chemical , which is capable of causing cancer.

When these come in contact with the body in harmful amounts , carcinogenesis occurs . The latter refers to the development of cancer .

Cardiomyopathy

any clinical condition which affects the muscles of the heart and causes diminishing of the force of cardiac contraction

Cellulitis

an infection in the skin and in the underlying tis- sues caused by bacteria , often by streptococci , which gains access to the skin through a wound

Cerebellar ataxia

refers to the irregular , spasmodic , and involuntary movements brought about by diseases of the cerebellum or an injury to the cerebellum

Cerebrovascular disease

any medical condition which affects the arteries within the brain or the arteries supplying blood to the brain

Cholangiography

a diagnostic procedure where a contrast medium is used to render the bile ducts visible through an X - ray

Cholecystectomy

the removal of the gallbladder through surgical means

Chromatogenous

producing color

Colostomy

a surgical procedure wherein part of the colon is taken out via an incision made in the wall of the abdomen

Colposcopy

A diagnostic procedure where the cervix and the vagina are visually inspected through a magni- fying device ( Colposcope )

Costalgia

pain in the chest area caused by injury to one of the ribs

Cryosurgery

a therapeutic procedure , where extremely low temperatures are utilized for the destruction of tissues

Cryptorchidism

a developmental disorder in newborn boys , characterized by failure of the testes to drop into the scrotum

Subcutaneous

The area underneath the skin ; for example , a subcutaneous injection is given just below the skin .

Cyanosis

a skin discoloration , where the extremities of the face turn bluish , as a result of excessive amounts of deoxygenated hemoglobin in the blood

Cysticercosis

a severe albeit rare condition , where there is an infestation of parasitic cysts within the muscles and even in the brain

Cytology

pertains to the study of individual cells

Diplopia

clinical term for double vision

Duodenitis

inflamed duodenum , which creates ambiguous gastrointestinal symptoms

Electroencephalogram

a diagnostic procedure done to check for abnormalities in the brain's electrical activity

Gastroenteritis

infection of the stomach and the intestines , usually due to a viral or bacterial causative agent

Episiorrhaphy

surgical repair of a laceration of the vulva.

This usually is done after an *episiotomy* where the perineum and the posterior vaginal wall are cut by the obstetrician during the second phase of labor .

Erythrocytes

red blood cells

Esophagitis

inflammation of the esophageal lining

Fibrosis

scar tissue overgrowth , caused by the body's exaggerated healing mechanism as a response to an infection , a wound , or inflammation

Galactorrhea

excessive production of milk or milk - like discharge from the nipples

Gastrostomy

a surgical procedure where an opening is created in the stomach , so that a feeding tube may be attached

Glycopenia

sugar deficiency

Gynecology

a medical practice which specifically deals with female reproductive health

Hematoma

localized pooling of blood . ( often solidified ) brought about by bleeding from a vessel that has ruptured

Hepatomegaly

enlargement of the liver

Heterochromia

a congenital condition where there is a difference in the color of the skin , the hair , but most often in the iris . ( eg . one eye is brown and the other is blue )

Hyperhidrosis

excessive sweating

Histology

refers to the study of tissues , as well as their cellular structures and function

Homeoplasia

the development of new , similar tissue

Hydrocele

a condition where the space around the testes is filled with fluid

Hysterectomy

the operative removal of the uterus for a therapeutic cause

latrogenic

suggests a link to treatment

Thus, latrogenic anemia ( low hemoglobin and hematocrit values ) is the result of the recurrent removal of large volumes of blood . This could be because of repeated laboratory testing for diagnostic or monitoring purpose , or surgical blood loss .

Jejunostomy

a surgical procedure where an opening is created through the wall of the jejunum , so that a plastic tube may be inserted for feeding

Keratomalacia

a disease of the eyes brought about a by lack of vitamin A

Laryngitis

inflamed larynx