Cranial Nerves + Half head

• CN I — Olfactory: Smell.

• CN II — Optic: Vision.

• CN III — Oculomotor: Eye movement, raises eyelid, constricts pupil.

• CN IV — Trochlear: Controls superior oblique eye muscle.

• CN V — Trigeminal: Facial sensation and chewing.

8. CN VI — Abducens: Controls lateral rectus eye muscle.

1. CN VII — Facial: Facial expressions, taste (anterior 2/3 tongue), tears and saliva.

• CN VIII — Vestibulocochlear: Hearing and balance.

• CN IX — Glossopharyngeal: Taste (posterior 1/3 tongue), swallowing, saliva secretion.

• CN X — Vagus: Controls functions of heart, lungs, digestive organs; swallowing and voice.

• CN XI — Spinal accessory: Moves head and shoulders (trapezius and sternocleidomastoid).

• CN XII — Hypoglossal: Tongue movement.

• Thalamus: Relays sensory information to cerebral cortex.

18. Epithalamus: Helps regulate sleep-wake cycles.

• Pineal gland: Secretes melatonin; regulates sleep-wake cycle.

• Hypothalamus: Maintains homeostasis; regulates hunger, thirst, and temperature.

• Pituitary gland: Secretes hormones controlling growth and other body functions.

• Midbrain: Controls visual and auditory reflexes.

• Corpus callosum: Connects left and right cerebral hemispheres.

• Superior colliculus: Controls visual reflexes.

• Inferior colliculus: Controls auditory reflexes.

• Lateral ventricles: Two CSF-filled cavities in the cerebrum.

• Fourth ventricle: Contains CSF; connects to central canal and subarachnoid space.

• Third ventricle: CSF-filled cavity in diencephalon.

28. Cerebral aqueduct: Connects third and fourth ventricles.