AP World History Unit 4

How did the magnetic compass develop transoceanic travel & trade?

The magnetic compass helped steer ships in the right direction.

Where did the magnetic compass originate?

The magnetic compass originated in China.

How did the primogeniture laws push Europeans into exploration & trade?

Primogeniture laws gave ALL of each estate to the eldest son, meaning that the other siblings would be left with no land & have to find somewhere else to go.

How did population growth in Europe push Europeans into exploration & trade?

More people took up jobs and food which caused the other poeple to need to find another place to survive.

Why would Europeans with religious minorities go into exploration & trade?

Europe was highly religous intolerant, causing people of other religions to find a tolerant place where they can safely settle.

What did European traders trade with the Americas?

European traders purchased sugar, tobacco, & rum from the Americas.

What did European traders trade with Africa?

European traders purchased enslaved people from Africa.

What did European traders trade with Asia?

European traders purchased silk, spices, & rhubarb from Asia

How did the Omani-European rivalry push Europeans into exploration & trade?

Portuguese clashes with Oman over trade forts made Middle Eastern routes risky, pushing Europeans to find new sea routes to Asia.

What were the maritime empires?

Spain

Portugal

Great Britain

France

Holland

In Southeast Asia, Europeans conducted most of their business with which group & what did that group do?

Women, who traditionally handled markets & money-changing

What was Al-Andalus?

In present-day Spain, Al-Andalus was a place where Islamic ideas diffused into Europe.

How did Prince Henry the Navigator develop support maritime exploration as a Portuguese ruler.

He financed expeditions along Africa’s Atlantic Coast and around the Cape of Good Hope. Because of him, Portugal explored African costal communities before other European powers.

How did Newton’s discovery of gravitation advance ideas in classical technology?

Newton’s discovery of gravitation led to knowledge of tides. This allowed sailors to predicts the depth of waters & increased safety in maritime actions.

What is an astronomical chart? How does it help maritime travel?

An astronomical chart is any map of the stars & galaxies. It helps in maritime traveling by guiding ships’ direction & determining its location.

How are lateen sails & square sails different from each other?

Square sails could only go one direction & had to be used with the wind. Lateen sails were triangular shaped & could catch the wind on either side of the ship allowing it to travel in different directions.

What is the magnetic compass?

Invented in China, the magnetic compass points the sailor in the right direction.

How did conquests bring new wealth to European states?

Through collection of taxes & trading with conquered land.