Rad Tech 112: Human Anatomy and Physiology - The Human Body

Vocabulary practice flashcards covering body regions, anatomical terms, abdominopelvic divisions, cavities, and serous membranes for Rad Tech 112.

Head

Major body region consisting of the skull and face.

Neck

Major body region that supports the head and attaches it to the trunk.

Trunk

Major body region consisting of the chest, abdomen, and pelvis.

Upper Limbs

Major body region attached to the trunk, consisting of the shoulder, armpit, arm, forearm, wrist, and hand.

Lower Limbs

Major body region attached to the trunk, consisting of the buttock, thigh, leg, ankle, and foot.

Anatomical Regional Names

Specific anatomical terms designating areas of the body across anterior and posterior views.

Subcostal Line

Top horizontal line drawn just inferior to the rib cage, across the inferior portion of the stomach.

Transtubercular Line

Bottom horizontal line drawn just inferior to the tops of the hip bones.

Midclavicular Lines

Two vertical lines (left and right) drawn through the midpoints of the clavicles (collar bones), just medial to the nipples.

Nine Abdominopelvic Regions

A 3x3 tic-tac-toe grid division method formed by two horizontal and two vertical lines, widely used for anatomical studies.

Abdominopelvic Quadrants

A four-quadrant system (RUQ, LUQ, RLQ, LLQ) created by vertical and horizontal lines passing through the umbilicus, used by clinicians to locate pain, tumors, or abnormalities.

Umbilicus

The navel or belly button, serving as the central reference point for dividing the abdominopelvic cavity into quadrants.

Body Cavities

Spaces within the body that help protect, separate, and support internal organs.

Cranial Cavity

Body cavity formed by cranial bones that contains the brain.

Vertebral Canal

Body cavity formed by the vertebral column that contains the spinal cord and the beginnings of spinal nerves.

Thoracic Cavity

Chest cavity formed by the ribs, muscles of the chest, sternum (breastbone), and thoracic portion of the vertebral column.

Abdominopelvic Cavity

Body cavity extending from the diaphragm to the groin, encircled by the abdominal wall and pelvic bones and muscles, subdivided into abdominal and pelvic cavities.

Serous Membrane

A thin, slippery, double-layered membrane covering viscera within the thoracic and abdominal cavities and lining cavity walls.

Parietal Layer

The layer of a serous membrane that lines the walls of body cavities.

Visceral Layer

The layer of a serous membrane that covers and adheres to the viscera (internal organs) within body cavities.

Pleura

The serous membrane of the pleural cavities, with visceral pleura clinging to lung surfaces and parietal pleura lining the chest wall.

Pericardium

The serous membrane of the pericardial cavity, with visceral pericardium covering the heart surface and parietal pericardium lining the chest wall.

Peritoneum

The serous membrane of the abdominal cavity, with visceral peritoneum covering abdominal viscera and parietal peritoneum lining the abdominal wall.

Retroperitoneal

Refers to organs located between the parietal peritoneum and the posterior abdominal wall.

Mediastinum

Anatomic region in the central portion of the thoracic cavity between the medial walls of pleural cavities, extending from sternum to vertebral column and first rib to diaphragm.

Abdominal Cavity

Cavity containing the stomach, spleen, liver, gallbladder, small intestine, and most of the large intestine.

Pelvic Cavity

Cavity containing the urinary bladder, portions of the large intestine, and internal organs of reproduction.

Summary of Body Cavities Table

Table summarizing the cranial, vertebral, thoracic, and abdominopelvic cavities and their contained structures.

Cephalic

Anatomical term for head.

Cervical

Anatomical term for neck.

Axillary

Anatomical term for armpit.

Brachial

Anatomical term for arm.

Antecubital

Anatomical term for front of elbow.

Antebrachial

Anatomical term for forearm.

Carpal

Anatomical term for wrist.

Femoral

Anatomical term for thigh.

Patellar

Anatomical term for anterior surface of knee.

Crural

Anatomical term for leg.

Tarsal

Anatomical term for ankle.

Gluteal

Anatomical term for buttock.

Popliteal

Anatomical term for hollow behind knee.

Plantar

Anatomical term for sole of foot.

Calcaneal

Anatomical term for heel.

Coxal

Anatomical term for hip.

Inguinal

Anatomical term for groin.

Olecranal or Cubital

Anatomical term for back of elbow.