The heart as a pump (Lecture 20)

Where is the heart located?

The thoracic Cavity

Tough Fibrous Sac surrounding the heart

Pericardium

Every beat where the heart twists forward and the apex taps the chest wall

Apex beat

Which way the apex of the heart pointing?

down to the left

What is the pericardium fused with?

Diaphragm

The right and left ___ are ____ walled sacs that collect blood from the vein or lungs

Atria thin

The ____ are ___ walled sacs that propel the blood through the arteries

ventricles thick

How many chambers are in the heart?

4

What are the upper chambers that collect blood and are thin walled?

The right and left atria

What are the lower chambers of the heart that propel blood through the arteries and are thick walled?

The right and left ventricles

What separates the atrium and ventricles?

valves

Which atrium and ventricle does the tricuspid valve seperate?

right

Which atrium and venticle does the bicuspid (Mitral) Valve seperate?

Left

How doe the valves operate to ensure that the blood flow is unidirectional?

Pressure

out of the valves (mital, Tricuspid, aortic, pulmonic) which one has two leaflets?

Mital

What are the three muscle types of the heart

Atrial, Ventricular, Specialized

What does the specialized muscle cell type do?

Coordinate Electrical signals

Contraction of the heart muscle produces ___ and drives ___

pressure flow

Atria is the ____ pump

Primer

Venticalar is the ___ pump

power

what is systole?

period of contaction

What is diastole?

period of Relaxation

what conduct electrical signals through the heart

conductive fibers

from what parts of the body does the superior vena cava get its blood from?

head neck arms

from what part of the body does the inferior vena cava get its blood from?

abdominal organs and lower limbs

During what blood flow does blood flow from atria to venticles?

Diastole

Where does the contraction begin and travel up

Apex and goes up ventricles

How do the valves operate?

Pressure

What produced the heart sound?

The closing of the heart valves

which valve is closing when the first "lub" sound is produced?

Tricuspid and mitral valve

Which valve is closing when the secound "dub" sound is prodcued?

The aortic and pulmonary valve

function of the turbulent flow which do not allow valves to close properly

Heart valves

In the cardiac cycle S1 to S2 is?

Systole

In the cardiac cycle S2 to S1 is?

Diastole

Upon Contraction of right ventricle which valve closes?

Tricuspid

how long does ventricular diastole take?

0.45 s

How long does isovolumetric contraction take?

0.05s

how long does ejection take?

0.30 s

How long does isovolumetric relaxation take?

0.08 s

What happens during Ventricular Diastole?

tricuspid and mitral valves are open allowing blood to fill up in the ventricle.

What happens during isovolumetric contraction?

Tricuspid and mitral valves close (1st heart beat), Left ventrical pressure exceeds aortic value pressure leading to ejection

What happens during ejection?

It starts with the aortic valve opening and then shutting (2nd heart beat)

What happens during isovolumetric relaxation?

All valves are closed and it lasts until intraventricular pressure drops before atria pressure

what is the formula to calculate stroke volume?

EDV - ESV

What does EDV stand for

End Diastolic volume

what does ESV stand for

End systolic Volume

What does EDP stand for

End Disastolic pressure

What part of the heart is the Pacemaker?

SA node

What does the AV node do?

Delays the signal from the SA node, allowing the contraction of the atria to fill up the ventricles

What does the bundle of his do?

Conducts the signal to ventricles

What helps conduct electrical signal between neighboring cardiomyocytes?

Intercalated disks

what is a syncytium?

A group of cells that behave like one big cell