LegalEdge CLAT Post Current Affairs Review (November 2026)

Vocabulary practice flashcards covering constitutional law, international relations, environmental pacts, and national governance developments from the LegalEdge CLAT Post.

Sukhna Wetland

A human-made freshwater reservoir in Chandigarh created in 1958 by damming the seasonal Sukhna Choe in the Shivalik foothills, officially designated as Ramsar Site No. 2602.

Sauj Jheel

A shallow freshwater lake in the Mainpuri district of Uttar Pradesh within the Ganga River floodplain, regularly supporting over $30,000$ waterbirds and designated as Ramsar Site No. 2603.

Ramsar Convention

An intergovernmental treaty adopted on 2 February 1971 in Ramsar, Iran, that entered into force on 21 December 1975 to provide the framework for national action and international cooperation for wetland conservation and wise use.

Montreux Record

A register established in 1990 under the Ramsar Convention listing Ramsar Sites where adverse ecological changes have occurred, are occurring, or are likely to occur due to technological developments, pollution, or other human interference.

Wetlands (Conservation and Management) Rules, 2017

Statutory rules notified under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, establishing State and Union Territory Wetlands Authorities and prohibiting activities such as encroachment, dumping of solid waste, and untreated effluent discharge.

Sankoo

The eighth district of the Union Territory of Ladakh, carved out of Kargil district in October 2026, comprising the four tehsils of Sankoo, GM Pore, TSG, and Taisuru.

LAHDC (Amendment) Regulation, 2026

A Presidential regulation promulgated on 16 October 2026 establishing elected Hill Councils across all eight districts of Ladakh, replacing 52 seats with 100 elected constituencies having 7 to 24 members per council.

Article 371K (Proposed)

A proposed constitutional amendment framework drafted by the Ministry of Home Affairs to establish a directly elected Union Territory-level governing body for Ladakh possessing regulatory powers over land, culture, and resources.

Bharat Audyogik Vikas Yojna (BHAVYA)

A Central Sector Scheme administered by the DPIIT with a budget outlay of $₹33,660\text{ crore}$ to develop 100 investment-ready, plug-and-play industrial parks across India from FY 2026–27 to FY 2031–32.

Plug-and-Play Industrial Park

A pre-developed industrial area where trunk infrastructure, utilities, factory sheds, shared testing facilities, and single-window clearances are established before manufacturing units begin operations.

BHAVYA-Rasayan

A specialized central scheme approved on 24 July 2026 with an allocation of $₹3,030\text{ crore}$ to set up three dedicated chemical manufacturing parks of at least 2,000 acres each.

Section 163 of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023

A statutory provision replacing Section 144 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973, empowering magistrates to issue urgent preventive orders in situations of danger, nuisance, or risk to public tranquility.

Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan v. Union of India (2018)

A Supreme Court judgment that overturned blanket prohibitions on demonstrations at Jantar Mantar and the Boat Club, ruling that protests must be regulated reasonably to balance citizens' rights with public order.

Amit Sahni v. Commissioner of Police (2020)

A Supreme Court ruling affirming that public roads and spaces cannot be occupied indefinitely for demonstrations and that assemblies causing significant public obstruction are impermissible.

Nelson Complexity Index

A quantitative measure of the secondary conversion capacity and sophistication of an oil refinery relative to primary distillation; Reliance's Jamnagar refinery complex has an index rating of 21.1.

Lindsey O. Graham Sanctioning Russia and Iran Act of 2026

United States legislation enacted on 18 September 2026 authorizing tariffs and economic sanctions on countries and entities purchasing Russian and Iranian energy supplies.

Mission 500

A bilateral strategic trade initiative established between India and the United States in February 2025 targeting $\text{USD } 500\text{ billion}$ in annual bilateral trade by 2030.

Regional Anti-Terrorist Structure (RATS)

A permanent body of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation established in 2004 in Tashkent, Uzbekistan, responsible for coordinating intelligence-sharing and combating terrorism, separatism, and extremism.

Low Earth Orbit (LEO)

An orbital altitude ranging from approximately $160\text{ km}$ to $2,000\text{ km}$ above Earth, providing rapid transit and low-latency communication ideal for mega-constellations like Starlink.

Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO)

A circular orbit at an altitude of approximately $35,786\text{ km}$ directly over Earth's equator where a satellite matches Earth's rotational period ($23\text{ hours, } 56\text{ minutes, } 4\text{ seconds}$) and stays in a fixed position relative to the surface.

Section 4(4) of the Telecommunications Act, 2023

The statutory provision mandating that telecommunications spectrum be assigned via auction, except for specific categories listed in the First Schedule, which are eligible for administrative allocation (such as satellite communications).

Delhi Declaration (BIMSTEC 2026)

A joint declaration adopted at the 1st BIMSTEC Home Ministers' Meeting establishing a multilateral cooperative framework against terrorism, cybercrime, narcotics trafficking, terror financing, and human trafficking.

Bangkok Declaration (1997)

The founding international document signed on 6 June 1997 by Bangladesh, India, Sri Lanka, and Thailand that established the regional group initially called BIST-EC (later expanded into BIMSTEC).

Just Rights for Children Alliance v. S. Harish (2026)

A Supreme Court judgment affirming that access to and use of the internet is a fundamental right under Article 21 read with Article 19(1)(a) of the Constitution that extends to children irrespective of age.

National Hash & URL List Database

A mandated centralized database of verified cryptographic hashes and URLs used to rapidly identify and automatically take down Child Sexual Exploitation and Abuse Material (CSEAM) across digital platforms.

Constitution (Scheduled Castes) Order, 1950

A Presidential order promulgated under Article 341 of the Constitution specifying in Paragraph 3 that statutory Scheduled Caste status is confined strictly to individuals professing Hinduism, Sikhism, or Buddhism.

The Secretary to Government v. Sameer Ahamed N. (2026)

A Supreme Court judgment declaring that conversion from Hinduism to Islam does not automatically grant eligibility for reservation under the Backward Class (Muslim) category without independent proof of membership in a recognized backward community.

Balakrishnan Commission

A three-member commission headed by former Chief Justice of India K.G. Balakrishnan constituted in October 2022 to examine extending Scheduled Caste status to Dalit individuals who converted to Christianity or Islam.

ULLAS (Nav Bharat Saksharta Karyakram)

A Centrally Sponsored Scheme aimed at empowering non-literates with foundational literacy and numeracy, under which Lakshadweep was declared a fully literate Union Territory.

CERVAVAC

India's first indigenous gender-neutral quadrivalent Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine manufactured by the Serum Institute of India, which achieved WHO prequalification in September 2026.

TRISHNA

An Earth-observation satellite mission jointly developed by ISRO and CNES to monitor high-resolution land-surface temperatures and vegetation water stress, slated for launch in 2027.