OTA 215: Ch. 28_Arthritis and LE Joint Replacement Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards covering key definitions, surgical procedures, precautions, and OT interventions for arthritis and lower extremity joint replacements based on Chapter 28.

Arthritis

A condition affecting the joints and surrounding tissue, which literally means "joint inflammation".

Rheumatoid Arthritis

A chronic, systemic, autoimmune disorder that most commonly damages joints, but may also damage blood vessels, heart, lungs, or eyes.

Synovitis

Inflammation of the joint capsule or lining, resulting in weakening of the joint and structures due to stretching of the joint capsule, tendons, and ligaments.

Joint Laxity

Ligamentous instability resulting from the stretching or lengthening of collateral ligaments.

Osteoarthritis

A wear-and-tear joint disease that occurs when the cushioning cartilage in joints breaks down, leading to stiffness and pain.

Osteophytes

Bone growths or bone spurs that form on the ends of bones and indicate cartilage damage.

Crepitus

An audible or palpable noise or grinding feeling within a joint.

Gout

A form of arthritis caused by excess uric acid in the body, which forms crystals that deposit in and around joints, causing inflammation and intense pain.

Asymptomatic Stage of Gout

The initial stage of gout characterized by the development of high blood levels of uric acid and crystal deposits without pain.

Symptomatic Stage of Gout

The second stage of gout characterized by a rapid onset of acute pain.

Chronic Gout

The final stage of gout where uric acid crystals erode cartilage, synovial membranes, tendons, and soft tissue, resulting in joint deformity.

Synovectomy

A surgical intervention involving the removal of the diseased synovium.

Tenosynovectomy

A surgical intervention involving the removal of a diseased tendon sheath.

Tendon Surgery

Surgical procedures including relocation, repair, transfer, or release performed for specific hand impairments, most often on extensor tendons of the hand and wrist.

Arthrodesis

A joint fusion surgical procedure done with pins or rods to cause bones to fuse.

Arthroplasty

Joint replacement surgery performed using prosthetic implants, most commonly executed as total hip arthroplasty (THA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Anterior Hip Precautions

Post-operative movement restrictions following an anterior approach hip replacement that require avoiding external rotation, adduction, and extension.

Posterior Hip Precautions

Post-operative movement restrictions following a posterior approach hip replacement that require avoiding flexion beyond $90^∘$, internal rotation, and adduction.

Cemented Prosthesis

A joint prosthesis fixation method that usually permits weight bearing as tolerated (WBAT).

Non-cemented Prosthesis

A joint prosthesis fixation method that requires non-weight bearing (NWB) status.

Physical Agent Modalities (PAMs)

Preparatory methods used in OT to reduce pain, manage inflammation, and increase range of motion prior to engagement in occupations.

Rest

A form of activity modification used to manage arthritis, where increased amounts of bed rest may be required during an exacerbation.

Prone Positioning

A positioning technique involving lying face down that can help facilitate hip extension.

Orthotic Intervention

The application of splints, braces, or positioning to support a joint in an optimal position to prevent deformity, relieve pain, and increase grip strength.

Energy Conservation

A technique used to maximize participation in occupations by educating clients on balancing work, rest, and work simplification.