14. Action Potential Steps

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13 Terms

1
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What are the six sequential steps of an action potential?
1. Threshold reached, 2. Depolarization, 3. Inactivation, 4. Repolarization, 5. Hyperpolarization, 6. Return to RMP
2
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What brings the trigger zone to threshold?
Local potentials
3
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Which channels open during the depolarization phase of an action potential?
Voltage-gated Na+ channels
4
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Which ion rushes in during depolarization?
Sodium (Na+)
5
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What peak voltage is reached during action potential depolarization?
+30 mV
6
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What happens to voltage-gated Na+ channels at +30 mV?
Inactivate
7
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Does sodium enter the cell after +30 mV is reached?
No
8
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Which channels open to initiate repolarization?
Voltage-gated K+ channels
9
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Which ion exits during repolarization?
Potassium (K+)
10
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Why does hyperpolarization occur?
Voltage-gated K+ channels stay open
11
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What voltage does hyperpolarization reach relative to RMP?
More negative than -70 mV
12
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Which channels close to end hyperpolarization?
Voltage-gated K+ channels
13
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What two transport mechanisms return the membrane to RMP after hyperpolarization?
Leak channels and Na+/K+ pumps