Aztec exam 2

When was Tenochtitlan founded by the Mexica?

1325 AD

When was the Triple Alliance (Aztec Empire) established?

1428 AD

What period were the Aztecs part of?

The Postclassic Period

True or False: The Aztec Empire formed less than 100 years before meeting Cortés.

True

Who were the Mexica?

The people who founded and lived in Tenochtitlan.

What was the capital of the Aztec Empire?

Tenochtitlan

What is Chicomoztoc?

The Place of the Seven Caves

What language did the Mexica speak?

Nahuatl

What were the two Mexica origin stories?

Descendants of northern barbarians and Toltec elites.

What are the three major pyramids/sites at Teotihuacan?

Pyramid of the Sun, Pyramid of the Moon, and Feathered Serpent Pyramid.

What volcano should you know?

Popocatépetl

What was Cholula known for?

Its Great Pyramid and religious importance

Who was the patron god of the Mexica?

Huitzilopochtli (god of war)

Who was the rain god?

Tlaloc

Who was the sun god?

Tonatiuh

Who was the death god?

Mictlantecuhtli

Who was the Feathered Serpent god?

Quetzalcoatl

Who was Tezcatlipoca?

The Smoking Mirror god and rival of Quetzalcoatl.

What was the main temple of Tenochtitlan?

Templo Mayor.

Which two gods were worshipped at Templo Mayor?

Huitzilopochtli and Tlaloc.

What was special about Aztec temples?

They often had twin temples with two staircases.

What was the tzompantli?

skull rack

What ceremony happened every 52 years?

The New Fire Ceremony.

Which sun do we live in now?

The Fifth Sun.

Who became the sun?

Nanahuatzin

Who became the Moon?

Tecciztecatl

How is the Fifth Sun predicted to end?

Earthquakes and sky monsters.

Who was Xipe Totec?

The Flayed One, god of renewal

What does Coatepec mean?

Snake Mountain.

Who retrieved the bones of humans from the underworld?

Quetzalcoatl

Who tried to stop Quetzalcoatl from taking the bones?

Mictlantecuhtli

According to Aztec myth, what created the people of the Fifth Sun?

The gods mixed blood with the ground-up bones of earlier humans

Who was Coatlicue?

Mother of Huitzilopochtli

Who was Coyolxauhqui?

Sister of Huitzilopochtli.

Why did the Aztecs believe sacrifice was necessary?

To repay the gods and keep the sun moving

Which Aztec God rules the fifth sun?

Tonatiuh

Who led the Spanish expedition to Mexico?

Hernando Cortés

What year did Hernando Cortes arrive in Mexico?

1519

How many ships did Cortez bring?

11

Who was the Aztec emperor when Cortés arrived?

Moctezuma II

What was La Noche Triste?

The "sad night", June 30, 1520. The people of Tenochtitlan drove the Spanish and their allies from the city. The Aztec emperor was killed.

Which Native allies helped Cortés defeat the Aztecs?

The Tlaxcalans

Which emperor died of smallpox?

Cuitlahuac

Who was the last Aztec emperor?

Cuauhtemoc

When did the Spanish conquer Tenochtitlan?

1521

Which categories of deaths sent people to special otherworld places?

Warriors, women dying in child birth, and unexpected deaths

What insect did the Aztecs eat?

Chapulines (grasshoppers)

What were chinampas?

floating gardens

Who were the pochteca in Aztec society?

a special merchant class that traded in luxury goods

What was the largest Aztec market?

Tlatelolco

What were the two main Aztec schools?

Calmecac and Telpochcalli.

Besides women, who performed ritual sweeping?

Religious practitioners/temple workers.

What activity symbolized cleanliness and order?

Sweeping

Did the Aztecs have markets in many towns?

Yes

What is metallurgy?

working with metals

What two luxury industries were important?

Featherworking and metallurgy.

What craft did all Aztec women participate in?

Textile production/weaving.

What luxury craft involved working with bird feathers?

Featherworking

What two animals were domesticated by the Aztecs?

Turkeys and dogs

Name the two gods shown?

Left = Tlaloc (Rain God)

Right = Mictlantecuhtli (Death God)

Which Gods are shown D,E,F?

D. Quetzalcoatl

E. Xipe Totec

F. Tezcatlipoca

Which God is this?

Huitzilopochtli

Which god presides over the Fifth Sun?

Tonatiuh

Which imperial ruler may also be represented?

Motecuhzoma II

What ceremony is being shown in this picture?

The New Fire Ceremony

Which Gods are shown A,B,C?

A. Tlaloc

B. Tonatiuh

C. Mictlantecuhtli

Which Gods are shown G,H,I?

G. Coyolxauhqui

H. Coatlicue

I. Huitzilopochtli

What is lettter A?

Templo Mayor (double temple)

What is lettter B?

Skull rack (tzompantli)

What is letter C?

Ballcourt

What is letter D?

Xipe Totec temple

What is letter E?

Calmecac (school)

What is letter F?

House of the Eagles

What is letter G?

Serpent wall (Coatepantli)

What is letter A?

Crayfish

What is letter B?

Chapulín

What is letter C?

Huitlacoche

What is letter D?

Amaranth

What is letter E?

Annatto

What is letter G?

Spirulina

What is letter A?

Woodworking

What is letter B?

Carving stone (lapidary work)

What is letter C?

Painting

What letter is D?

Casting metal (metallurgy)

What is letter E?

Feather working

What is letter A?

Mother

What is letter B?

Midwife

What is letter C?

Male child

What is letter D?

Female child

Match the letters to the numbers

1-C, 2-G, 3-N, 4-S

Match the letters to the numbers

10-E, 11-A, 12-R, 13-I, 14-B, 15-M, 16-H, 17-P, 18-O, 19-Q