SS chapter 5 Enlightenment

Mr Muro midterm

John Locke

English philosopher who believed in natural rights and the social contract theory, advocating for life, liberty, and property.

Popular sovereignty

Principle that government authority comes from the consent of the people, emphasizing their power through voting and participation.

Laissez faire

Economic concept promoting minimal government intervention, free markets, free trade, and limited regulation.

Montesquieu

French philosopher who proposed separation of powers in government to prevent tyranny and promote liberty.

Adam Smith

Scottish economist and philosopher known as the father of modern economics, advocating for free-market capitalism.

Bill of Rights

First ten amendments to the United States Constitution, guaranteeing fundamental rights and freedoms.

Philosophes

Intellectuals during the Enlightenment period who advocated for reason, science, and progress.

Voltaire

French philosopher and writer who championed freedom of speech, religious tolerance, and separation of church and state.

Rousseau

Swiss philosopher who believed in the social contract and emphasized direct democracy and the general will of the people.

Enlightened despots

Absolute monarchs in Europe who embraced Enlightenment ideas and implemented reforms for the betterment of their subjects.

Thomas Jefferson

Founding Father of the United States, principal author of the Declaration of Independence, and advocate for individual rights and limited government.

Social contract

The social contract is a theoretical concept that describes an implicit agreement between individuals and their government, where individuals give up certain rights in exchange for protection and the promotion of their collective well-being.