Exam 3 Medical Terms

Chapters 11 - 16

spir-, spirat-

breathe

pneum-, pneumat-

air, gas

pneum-, pneumon-

lung

pulm-, pulmon-

lung, pulmonary artery

pne-

breathe

phys-

air, gas

pneumonitis

inflammation of lung tissue

pneumorrhagia

hemorrhage into the lungs

pneumarthrosis

presence of air in a joint

-coccus

a spherical bacterium

-cocci

spherical bacteria

-cocc

spherical bacteria

staphylococc-

spherical bacteria arranged in clusters

streptococc-

spherical bacteria arranged in twisted chains

diplococcus

spherical bacterium that occurs in pairs

Pneumococcus

lung spherical bacteria

Meningococcemia

presence in the blood of the bacteria

bacill-

bacillus, rod-shaped bacteria

cocc-

coccus, spherical bacteria

bacter(i)-

bacterium

pharyng-, pharynx-

interior space of the throatla

laryng-, larynx-

voice box

pharyngitis

inflammation of the pharynx

Pharyngeal erythema

redness of the back of the throat

streptococcal pharyngitis

bacterial infection caused by Streptococcus

Laryngitis

inflammation of the larynx

Laryngismus, Layngospasm

condition in which the vocal cords seize up

Otorhinolaryngology

speciality of the “ears, nose, and throat”

trache-, trachy-

trachea

trachea

wind pipe

bronch(i)-

bronchial tubes

bronchiolus

smaller branches of the bronchi

alveolus

hollow, basket, or canoe

pulmonary alveoli

tiny sacs in the lungs

Dental alveoli

sockets for the teeth

Alveoloplasty

plastic surgery on the dental sockets

alveol-

alveoli, air sacs

bronchiol-

bronchioles

Alveolitis

inflammation of the alveoli

bronchiectasis

condition in which the bronchial tubes are damaged

bronchiolectasis

damage and widening of the bronchioles

bronchodilators

medicines which cause airways to widen

pneumonia

infection which inflames the air sacs in the lungs

pleur-

pleura: pair of membranes that contains the lungs

parietal pleura

outer lining of the membranes that contain the lungs

visceral pleura

inner lining of the membranes that contain the lungs

thorac-

thorax

thorax

chest cavity

thoracic cavity

space enclosed by the ribs

pleural cavity

space between the two pleural membranes

thoractomy

incision through the thoracic cavity

thoracocentesis

surgical piercing of the pleural cavity

thoracic medicine

field of medicine which involves the lungs, pleura, and surrounding tissues

hemothorax

accumalation of blood in the pleural cavity

pneumothorax

presence of air in the pleural cavity

-thorax

in the pleural cavity

pneumothorax

collapsed lung

stethoscope

device for examining the chest

spirometer

measures the breathing capacity

spirometry

used to diagnose variety of lung diseases

-paresis

loss of muscle strengh

-plegia

total loss of muscle function

-auxe, -auxis, aux-

abnormal increase in the size of

dermatoconiosis

refers to any abnormal skin conditions caused by dust

Pneumoconiosis

conditions caused by dust/ particles in the lungs

Anthrax

coal

Anthracosis

Black Lung Disease

Pulmonary siderosis

iron fibers causing scarring in the lungs

thoracotomy

incision through the thoracic cavity

ventricles

structures in the center of the brain

pneumoventriculography

method of imaging the brain’s ventricles

Ectopia

displacement of an organ

Atopy

genetic disposition to develop certain allergies

Capn-

carbon dioxide

hypercapnia

excess of carbon dioxides

staphyl-

spherical bacteria arranged in clusters

Amygdal-

tonsils

Amygdaliths

calcified lumps formed in the tissue of the tonsils

Sudor-

sweat

Sudoriferous glands

sweat glands

Sudorific

promoting sweat

Antisudoral

inhibits sweat

Edema

swelling caused by a build up of fluid in bodily tissues

Pulmonary edema

build up of fluid in the lungs

Pulmonary emphysema

disease of the air sacs/ alveoli

Cystic fibrosis

genetic disease which affects the lungs and digestive track

Gastrointestinal tract

all of the organs involved in digestion

Peristalsis

move food through the gastrointestinal tract

Enteroparesis

refer to the slowing of peristaltic activity in the intestines

Sphincter

sphincter muscle

chlorhydr-

levels of this acid in the stomach

Cardioesophageal

affecting the cardia and esophagus

cardiospasm

a disease in which the cardiac sphincter fails to relax properly

pylorus

bottom/end of the stomach

duoden-

duodenum

cholangitis

inflammation of the hepatic ducts

cholelithiasis

hardened bile in the gall bladder

choledochitis

inflammation of the common bile duct

choledocholithiasis

hardened bile in the common bile duct

cholangiotomy

removal of a stone from the gallbladder