Chemistry Definitions Flashcards

Mixture

= combination

• Variable composition throughout

• Each component retains its unique properties

• Mixtures can be seperated into substances

Ex: lemonade, saltwater, air

Substance

= Pure

• Fixed composition thoughtout and same properities throughout

Ex: He, NACI, H

Extensive v Intensive

Extensive depends on the amount of matter that is present

Ex: Mass, volume, and amount of energy

Intensive does not:

density, melting point, specific heat

Mass

The measure of the amount of matter

Difference between a Compound and Mixture

• Mixture can be seperated and is a physical change

• Compound is a chemical change between elements- written in formula and has fixed proportions

Solubility

The maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a solvent to form a stable homogeneous solution.

Aqueous solution

When the solute is dissolved in water.

Law of Conservation of Matter

Matter is never created or destroyed, it only changes forms

Volume

The measure of how much space something takes.

Physical v Chemical Reaction

Physical can be observed without changing the indentity of the substance.

• Chemical can only be observed by changing the composition/ indentity of the substance

• Bruning, oxidizing, rotting, corroding, fermenting, etc

Heterogenerous Mixture

= uneven distrubution “different”

• Can be physically broken down or seperated into different components easily

ex: salad dressings, paint and blood

Atom

The smallest unit of an element that maintains the identity of the element

Solutions

One substance (solute) is dissolved into another (solvent)

Element

A pure substance that cannot be broken down into anything periodic or more stable

Homogeneous Mixture

= even distrubution ‘same

• Appears blended

• Can be physically borken down in different components

ex: lemonade,bleach, stainless stable

Compound

A pure substance that can be broken down into simple and more stable substance (elements)

Matter

Anything that has mass and volume

Alloy

A solution of metals