Breathing and Respiratory System Mechanics

Vocabulary practice flashcards covering respiratory muscles, breathing mechanics, and alveolar adaptations for gas exchange based on the lecture notes.

Breathing

The inspiration and expiration of air into and out of the lungs, which relies on the movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure.

Diaphragm

The muscle separating the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity.

External intercostal muscles

The muscles that raise the rib cage during the breathing process.

Internal intercostal muscles

The muscles that pull the rib cage down during the breathing process.

Inhalation

The process involving the contraction of the diaphragm (which moves down) and muscle contraction that expands the rib cage to allow air movement into the lungs.

Exhalation

The process involving the relaxation of the diaphragm (which moves up) to allow air movement out of the lungs.

Cluster of alveoli

Structures showing specialised features for gaseous exchange, including a one-cell-thick wall, a moist surface, a network of capillaries, and an adjoining bronchiole.