The State and Globalisation

What is the definition of a nation-state?

An autonomous political community held together by citizenship and nationality

What is the definition of state sovereignty?

The idea that all states exercise authority within their borders and have the right to non-intervention in their external affairs.

What is the definition of a political entity or a state-like-entity?

A territory which meets the criteria for statehood but lacks formal recognition and is considered part of the territory in another state.

In international law, what is the criteria for what should be considered a ‘state’?

Montevideo Convention 1933

1. A defined territory

2. A permanent population

3. An effective government

4. The capacity to enter into relations with other states

How many member states are in the UN?

193

What was the latest member states to enter the UN, and when was this?

South Sudean, 2011

Along with the 193 member states in te UN, what are the two non-member observer states?

The Holy See and Palestine.

What is the definition of citizenship?

A formal recognition of the individual by the state, regardless of their subjective national identity.

Where does the concept if state sovereignty stem from?

The Treaty of Westphalia (1648), where it was agreed between European states that they each had an equal right to independence and should not interfere in each other’s domestic affairs.

What is the definition if state sovereignty?

A state’s authority within its borders and the protection of its borders in international law.

What is internal sovereignty?

A state having authority within its own borders (being able to make laws and enforce them as it sees fit)

What is external sovereignty?

The permanence and inviolability of a state’s borders, and freedom from outside influence in its domestic affairs

What article of the UN charter establishes the ‘sovereign equality’ of all UN member states.

2(1)

All UN member states have ‘sovereign equality’, what does this mean?

All member states are equally sovereign, and so no ember states is more or less sovereign than another.

What article of the UN charter prohibits the threat of use of force against the ‘territorial integrity or political independence’ of any state (protects external sovereignty)

2(4)

What article of the UN charter upholds the principles of ‘non-intervention’ in the domestic affairs of states (protects internal sovereignty)

2(7)

In what situation could a state lack internal sovereignty?

When a state does not control its own territory or does not exercise effective governance within its territory.

What is an example of a state lacking internal sovereignty?

Somalia, it neither exercises control over its full territory, due to a part of its territory being a breakaway state, Somaliland, and some of its territory being occupied by the terrorist group, Al Shabab.

In what situation could a state lack external sovereignty?

A state which commits gross human rights violations, such as crimes against humanity or genocide against its population, and has had a ‘humanitarian intervention’

What is an example of a state lacking external sovereignty?

Humanitarian intervention. For example, in 1998 NATO launched airstrikes against the sovereign territory of Serbia due to the human rights violations it was committing against its ethnic Albanian population in Kosovo. Following this, the UN establish an International Administration in Kosovo exercising its authority to govern within Kosovo, removing Serbian authority within the territory.

What is the definition of globalisation?

A process whereby we see the meregnce of a complex web of interconnectedness that means that the experiences of states and their citizens are increasingly shaped by global events.

What is the definition of deglobalisation?

The process of declining interconnectedness and integration among states.

What does the widening of globalisation mean?

The increase of globalisation’s extent or reach.

What are the two dimensions of widening globalisation?

Spatial expansion and the proliferation across different types of globalisation.

What is the spatial expansion of globalisation?

The increasing number of geographical location,s regions and countries becoming interconnected with global networks.

What does the proliferation across different types of globalisation mean?

When states adopt different types of globalisation, such as economic, cultural and political integration, not just one.

What does the deepening of globalisation mean?

The increasing intensity, significance and impact of global interconnectedness.

What are the two dimensions of deepening globalisation?

The growing volume of interactions and the evolution of a state’s sovereignty.

What is the growing volume of interactions in globalisation?

States connect with each other more times than before

What does the evolution of a state’s sovereignty look like?

A perceived erosion or transformation of traditional state authority, where the capacity of the state to exert exclusive control within its borders is increasingly challenged or mediated by transnational or non-state actors.

How can people drive globalisation?

1. Through their behaviour as consumers, so they demand global goods and services such as fashion, food, music and social media.

2. Increased opportunities for global travel and tourism mean moving people make the world more interconnected.

What are the 7 factors that can drive globalisation?

People, states, institutions, culture, economics, technology, politics.

How can states drive globalisation?

Their policy decisions.

• Their economic policies can promote trade between states, and they can also make it easier for transnational corporations to operate within their borders.

• Joining regional organisaitons or trading agreements.

• Joining intergovernmental orgnaisations

• Developing infrastructure to help increase the movement of goods, people and services.

• Increased innocation in technology

How can institutions drive globalisation?

By creating opportunities for interdependence between states and other global actors.

• Encouraging cooperation across different issue areas (widening)

• Increased cooperation within issues (deepening)

How can culture drive globalisation?

Through the emergence of global brans and popular culture, as well as social media.

How can economics help to drive globalisation?

Through neoliberal economic policies, which help bring about increased trade agreements, and break down barriers to trade through the developent of free trade.

How can technology help to drive globalisation?

By increasing levels of global trade through online financial transactions, and facilitating connections between people through social media.

How can politics help to drive globalisation?

As without the political desire to foster interdependence, it would not happen.

What are the three types of globalisation?

Economic, cultural and political.

What is the definition of economic globalisation

The emergence of a single global economy or market.

What do TNCs stand for?

Transnational corporations.

What is the theory of competitive advantage?

A state will produce where it is able to produce the most efficiently, which gives it an advantage over other states elsewhere

How do neoliberals view the economy?

As a self-regulating system, independent from state control. They therefore encourage free trade between states, foreign direct investment to drive economic growth and low taxation to allow the economy to thrive.

What is evidence against economic globalisation

•