OT 575 - research ethics

what is scientific misconduct?

fabrication, falsification, or plagiarism in proposing, performing, or reviewing research, or in reporting research results

what is the office of research integrity (ORI) responsible for?

1. the promotion of the responsible conduct of research

2. the resolution of allegations of research misconduct

what are the nine core areas of research ethics?

1. data acquisition, management, sharing, and ownership

2. conflict of interest and commitment

3. human subjects

4. animal welfare

5. research misconduct

6. publication practices and responsible authorship

7. mentor/trainee responsibilities

8. peer review

9. collaborative science

what are some issues related to research and publication ethics?

- no informed consent

- duplicate submission

- salami slicing

- authorship issues

- data falsification

- data fabrication

what should be included in informed consent and assent?

- an explanation of procedures

- a description of discomforts and risks

- a description of benefits

- an offer to answer any inquiries related to the procedure

- an instruction that the participant may withdraw consent and discontinue participation at any time

what is the WMA declaration of helsinki?

protects the health of human subjects in research

what are the three rules of data collection?

1. collect reliable data

2. gather appropriate permission

3. protect data

how should conflicts of interest be addressed?

- do not make public statements about research results prematurely

- publish negative results to avoid publication bias

- provide disclosures about conflicts of commitments

what are the main tenets of the nuremberg code?

- informed consent must be obtained (without coercion)

- human experiments should be based on animal experimentation

- anticipated scientific results should justify the experiment

- only qualified scientists should conduct medical research

- physical and mental injury should be avoided

- there should be no expectation of death or disability as a result of the experiment

what are the principles of belmont?

respect for persons, beneficence, and justice