Key concepts in Buddhism

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9 Terms

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Buddha

One who is fully enlightened - Siddhartha Gautama.

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Dhamma (Dharma)

The teaching of the Buddha.

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Four Noble Truths

The Buddha’s first teaching: suffering, the cause of suffering, the end of suffering, and how to end suffering.

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Metta bhavana

The development of the four types of loving kindness, usually through meditation.

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Noble Eightfold Path

The ‘medicine’ of the four noble truths; eight steps toward overcoming suffering and desires and achieving Nibbana (nirvana), commonly divided into wisdom, morality, and meditation.

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Parinirvana (Parinibbana)

The final stage of enlightenment, attained when an enlightened being passes away, eliminating all suffering and desires.

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Samatha

Calm, or breathing meditation, aimed at developing concentration and mental clarity.

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Vipassana

Insight meditation, enabling the individual to see the true nature of things.

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Wesak

A festival to commemorate the birth, enlightenment, and death of the Buddha.