Unit 4 Spine Muscles

Rectus Capitis Posterior Major

Attachments

Superior: Lateral aspect of inferior nuchal line

Inferior: C2 SP

Rectus capitis posterior major

Actions

Upper C/S: Extension (both fire), Ipsilateral rotation

Rectus Capitis Posterior Major

Innervations

Ramus: Dorsal

Level: C1

Peripheral Nerve: Suboccipital Nerve

Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor

Attachments

Superior: Medial aspect of inferior nuchal line

Inferior: C1 posterior tubercle

Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor

Actions

Upper C/S: Extension

Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor

Innervation

Ramus: Dorsal

Level: C1

Peripheral Nerve: Suboccipital Nerve

Obliquus Capitis Inferior

Attachments

Superior: C1 TP

Inferior: C2 SP

Obliquus Capitis Inferior

Action

Upper C/S: Rotation Ipsilateral

Obliquus Capitis Inferior

Innervation

Ramus: Dorsal

Level: C1

Peripheral Nerve: Suboccipital Nerve

Obliquus Capitis Superior

Attachments

Superior: Between inferior and superior nuchal line

Inferior: C1 TP

Obliquus Capitis Superior

Actions

Upper C/S: Extension, side bend ipsilateral

Obliquus Capitis Superior

Innervation

Ramus: Dorsal

Level: C1

Peripheral Nerve: Suboccipital Nerve

Longus Colli

Action

C/S: flexion, contralateral rotation

Longus Colli

Innervation

Ramus: Dorsal

Longus Capitis

Action

Upper C/S: Flexion

Longus Capitis

Innervation

Ramus: Vental

Anterior Scalene

Attachment

Inferior: 1st Rib

Anterior Scalene

Action

Lower C/S: Flexion, side-bend IL, Rib elevation

Anterior Scalene

Innervation

Ramus: Ventral

Middle Scalene

Attachment

Inferior: 1st Rib

Middle Scalene

Action

Lower C/S: Flexion, ipsilateral side bend

Rib elevation

Middle Scalene

Innervation

Ramus: Ventral

Posterior Scalene

Attachment

Inferior: 2nd Rib

Posterior Scalene

Action

Lower C/S: Flexion, ispilateral side bend

Rib elevation

Posterior Scalene

Innervation

Ramus: Ventral

Sternocleidomastoid

Attachment

Superior: mastoid process, superior nuchal line

Inferior: Manubrium of sternum and medial clavicle

Sternocleidomastoid

Action

Upper C/S: Extension

Lower C/S: Flexion

C/S: ipsilateral Side-Bend , contralateral rotation.

Sternocleidomastoid

Innervation

Innervation: CN XI Spinal Accessory

Upper Trapezius

Attachment

Superior: Superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance

Inferior: Lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula

Upper Trapezius

Action

C/S: extension, ipsilateral side bend, contralateral rotation

Scapular elevation, retraction, upward rotation

Upper Trapezius

Innervation

CN XI: Spinal Accessory

Middle Trapezius

Attachment

Inferior: Acromion, spine of scapula

Middle Trapezius

Action

Scapular Retraction

Middle Trapezius

Innervation

CN XI: spinal Accessory

Lower Trapezius

Attachment

Inferior: Spine of scapula

Lower Trapezius

Action

Scapular depression, retraction, upward rotation

Lower Trapezius

Innervation

CN XI: Spinal Acessory

Latissiumus Dorsi

Attachment

Superior: bicipital groove of humerus

latissimus dorsi

Action

Humeral Adduction, extension, upward rotation

Latissimus dorsi

Innervation

Ramus: Ventral

Peripheral Nerve: Thoracodorsal

Rhomboid Major

Attachment

Inferior: Medial border to inferior angle of scapula

Rhomboid Major

Action

Scapular retraction, elevation, doward rotation

Rhomboid Major

Innervation

Ramus: Ventral

Level C5

Peripheral Nerve: Dorsal Scapular

Rhomboid Minor

Attachement

Inferior: Root of spine of scapula

Rhomboid Minor

Action

Scapular retraction, elevation, doward rotation

Rhomboid Minor

Innervation

Ramus: Ventral

Level C5

Peripheral Nerve: Dorsal scapular nerve

Levator Scapulae

Attachment

Inferior: Superior angle of scapula

Levator Scapulae

Action

C/S: Extension, IL side-bend, rotation IL

Scapular retraction, elevation, downward rotation

Levator Scapulae

Innervation

Ramus: Ventral

Level C5

Peripheral Nerve: Dorsal Scapular Nerve

Serratus Posterior Superior

Action

Rib elevation

Serratus Posterior Superior

Innervation

Ramus: Ventral

Peripheral Nerve: Intercostal Nerves

Serratus Posterior Inferior

Action

Depression of ribs

Serratus Posterior Inferior

Innervation

Ramus: Ventral

Peripheral Nerve: Intercostal Nerves

Splenius: Capitus

Attachment

Superior: Mastoid Process, superior nuchal line

Splenius Capitus

Action

C/S Extension, side bend IL, rotation IL

Splenius Capitus

Innervation

Ramus: Dorsal

Level: Levels crossed

Splenius: Cervicis

Action

C/S Extension, side bend IL, rotation IL

Splenius Cervicis

Innervation

Ramus: Dorsal

Level: Levels crossed

Semispinalis Capitis

Attachment

Superior: Between inferior and superior nuchal line

Semispinalis Capitis

Action

Extension, side bend IL, rotation CL

Semispinalis Capitis

Innveration

Ramus: Dorsal

Level: Level crosses

Semispinalis Cervicis

Innervation

Ramus: Dorsal

Level: Level crosses

Semispinalis Cervicis

Attachment

Superior: C2-C5 spinous process

Semispinalis Cervicis

Action

Extension, side-bend IL, rotation CL

Multifidus

Attachment

Inferior: Sacrum, PSIS, mamillary process, Tranverse processes in most of spine

Multifidus

Action

Extension, side bend IL, rotation CL

Multifidus

Innervation

Ramus: Dorsal

Level: Level Crossed

Rotatores

Action

Contralateral Rotation

Rotatores

Innervation

Ramus: Dorsal

Level: Level Crossed

Erector Spinae:

Iliocostalis

Longissiums

Spinalis

Action

Extension, side-bend IL, Rotation IL

Erector Spinae:

Iliocostalis

Longissiums

Spinalis

Innervation

Ramus: Dorsal

Level: Level crossed

Interspinalis

Attachments

Superior: Spinous Process

Inferior: Spinous process

Interspinalis

Action

Extension

Interspinalis

Innervation

Ramus: Dorsal

Level: Levels crossed

Intertransverse

Attachment

Superior: Transverse Process

Inferior: Transverse Process

Intertransverse

Action

Ipsilateral Side bend

Intertransverse

Innervation

Ramus: Dorsal & Ventral

Levator Costarum

Attachment

Superior: C8-T11 TP

Inferior Tubercule of rib below

Levator Costarum

Action

Ipsilateral side bend

Rib elevation

Levator Costarum

Innervation

Ramus: Dorsal

Level: Levels mixed

Psoas Major

Attachment

Superior: L1-L5 TPs

Inferior: Lesser Trochanter (with iliacus)

Psoas Major

Action

L/S extension

Hip/femoral flexion

Psoas Major

Innervation

Ramus: Ventral

Level: L1-L3

Peripheral Nerve: Femoral

Quadratus Lumborum

Attachment

Superior: 12t Rib, L1-L4 TPs

Inferior: Illiac Crest

Quadratus Lumborum

Action

Extension, side bend IL

Pelvic: Extension

Quadratus Lumborum

Innervation

Ramus: Ventral

Level: L1-L4