Overview of US/Federal Government (Benchmark 3A and 3B)

Vocabulary flashcards covering the Constitution, the Preamble, the separation of powers, checks and balances, and the Bill of Rights from the US/Federal Government review sheet.

The Constitution (1787)

The document that set up our current government and serves as the supreme law of the land.

Supremacy Clause

A constitutional rule stating that where a state law and federal law are in conflict, the federal law wins.

The Preamble to the Constitution (1787)

The opening statement of the Constitution that establishes the goals and purpose of our government.

"We the people of the United States"

Preamble phrase indicating that the people select our government and our representatives.

"In order to form a more perfect union"

Preamble goal meaning that the framers were improving the Articles of Confederation.

"Establish justice"

Preamble goal to make sure all citizens are treated equally.

"Insure domestic tranquility"

Preamble goal to provide peace and order in our country.

"Provide for the common defence"

Preamble goal to protect the country and its citizens from attack.

"Promote the general welfare"

Preamble goal to help people live happy, healthy, and prosperous lives.

"Secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity"

Preamble goal to guarantee basic rights for us and the future.

Checks and Balances

A system that helps to keep each branch of government in their proper roles and keeps them from attaining too much power.

Legislative Branch (Article 1)

The branch made up of the Senate and House of Representatives; can override vetoes, reject appointments, refuse treaties, and originate tax laws.

Impeach

To formally charge an official with wrongdoing, which is a power held by the House against the president and judges.

Senate Removal Trial

The trial held by the Senate to decide on the removal of an impeached official.

Executive Branch (Article 2)

The branch headed by the President; acts as commander in chief, negotiates treaties with foreign governments, can veto legislation, and can appoint judges.

Judiciary Branch (Article 3)

The branch centered on the Supreme Court; holds the power to declare acts of the legislature and presidential actions unconstitutional.

The Bill of Rights

The first 10 amendments to the Constitution, which protect individual rights from government overreach.