Introduction to blood sampling techniques SDL

equipment, sheep goat and cow,s,

What must you do before taking a jugular sample..

needle holder at the ready (has a rubber stopper + it is a vacuum tube + hold at the bottom to keep dexterity) + EID to scan the sheep tag - always remember to mark the tube

What is a haemogaurd + vaccum collection system

Stops the blood dripping through, protects the needle..

Where do we blood sample from a sheep

jugular vein, shave wool + can see jugular groove from the break in the wool..

under the chin.. thumb into jugular groove to raise it..

• see small vibration and condensation..

Step by step to blood sample..

• uncap needle and occlude jugular being using non dominant hand..

• insert up + squeeze needle holder, do not jsut jab into sheep.. + fill final hole and remove needle.. NEED preessure to prevent haemotomas..

Where do you blood sample in the cow

in the tail being..

Where is the vertebrae in proportion to the tail bein

vein is shallow and becomes deeper as we go up into the animals..

Cow tail vein samoel..

• atttache needle first and od not blwo vaccumm Hold cows securley. + hold tail up and grip with finger and thumb..

• can use an open or closed grip, palpate central groove + start to sample. Remove tube, then squeeze the second tube..

• Remove afterwards and maintain pressure on thatvtail vein.. alwyas label tubes!!

need STRONG GRIP onto the tail..

Where are the 2 places that cow blood samples can be taken

tail vein + jugular vein

• protects head with harm, + can use ear to hold, noce it to hold it stil..

• Sample at jugular vein, may no need to occlude, see it along the jugular groove..

Why do we take blood samples..

Sampling sick animals to help in diagnosis.

Sampling hospitalised to monitor improvement or decline of condition.

Sampling patients to monitor medication e.g. Diabetics, epileptics.

Small animal blood sampling equipment

• hypodermic needle (below skin) ØCats: 23 - 21G, 5/8 inch long

  ØDogs: 21G, 5/8 or 1 inch long

• syringe

• hibbi scrub, surgical spirit, blood conainers, gloves

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What 3 places can venous blood samples be taken from (small animal)

Jugular vein - neck, back stop, head up

Cephallic vein - forelimb, sitting position or on the floor..

Sapheous vein - animal in lateral recumbancy, restained on a table or on the floor.

Cephallic blood sample process..

1. clip fur and straighten foot

2. hibiscrub to clean..

3. Surgical spirit to disinfect

4. palpate vein + prep kit (blood tubes with anticoagulant) + needles and synringes,,

5. carful of contamination, EDTA in the sample + remove needle into sharos bin + drip sample into blood tube to the fill line..

What colour do different tubes mean..

red / pink - edta haematology

brown - serum biochemistry

organge - hepinase - biochemistry

yellow - glucose

Jugular vein samll animal..

• palpate groove. clip, clean (hibi) then surgical spirit..

• lift head in opposite direction of the vein being used..

• afterwards apply pressyre for 30 seconds..

Cephallic vein location

hibi, surgical spirit, palpate/ occlude + 30c’ into being until blood is drawn..

Cat friendly handling

• towel on table so not slupply equipment in use

• smaller tubes are preferable..

• place a local aneasathetic on the neck..

• OR can use the jugular vein + expose the forelimb..

• OR can use the medial saphenous vein ( inner thigh, needs 2 people)

Saphenous veinn dog

• lateral recumbancy

• wrap hand around knee and hold up knee..

Materials required for a horse blood sample..

• large 20 gauge needle

• appropriate vacutainer

• + appropriate blood sampleing tube

Blood sample from a horse

• 2 bilateral jugular veings

• + carotid artery is also present therefore sample in teh uppper thirs.

How do you raise the jugular vein in a horse

• also need a vacutiniser..

• be

What should you do when taking a sample

• bevel of the needle towars you

• hold within the gaurd, but do not push onto th eneedle until you are within the vein..

Re cap - diff tubes..

always apply pressure post needle!

blood sample

put in syringe first..