Diability and Phys EXam 2

What is rehabilitation?

Measures that help people achieve and maintain their best functioning.

What is habilitation?

Helping people with early life disabilities develop their abilities.

What is rehabilitation after a loss of function

Regaining abilities that were lost.

What is early intervention?

Services that help children develop and improve their abilities.

What are the main goals of rehabilitation?

Improve health, body function, activities, and participation.

What are three things rehabilitation helps improve?

Physical, mental, and social functioning.

What are the three main modes of rehabilitation?

Medicine, therapy, and assistive technology.

What does rehabilitation medicine use?

Surgery, medication, and medical treatments.

What is a physiatrist?

A doctor who specializes in physical medicine and rehabilitation.

What is selective dorsal rhizotomy?

Surgery that reduces muscle tightness by cutting certain nerve roots.

What condition may selective dorsal rhizotomy help?

Cerebral palsy.

What are examples of therapy?

Physical, occupational, speech, and psychological therapy.

What does occupational therapy help with?

Daily activities and becoming more independent.

What are assistive technologies?

Devices that help people improve or maintain their abilities.

What are three examples of assistive technology?

Crutches, wheelchairs, and prostheses.

What is inpatient rehabilitation?

Rehabilitation provided in a hospital with medical care.

What is outpatient rehabilitation?

Rehabilitation provided outside a hospital, such as at home or a center.

What is tele-rehabilitation?

Rehabilitation services provided through technology, such as video calls.

Why is physical activity important in rehabilitation?

It helps restore movement and improve overall health.

What is the purpose of the ICF in rehabilitation?

It looks at a person's abilities and how their environment affects them.

How does the WHO define health?

Complete physical, mental, and social well

What is the Disability Paradox?

Many people with disabilities report having a good quality of life.

What percentage of people with serious disabilities reported good or excellent quality of life in the slides?

54.3%.

What are factors that improve quality of life?

Independence, relationships, purpose, and feeling in control.

What factors can cause poor quality of life?

Pain, fatigue, loss of control, and hopelessness.

What is healthy living?

Making choices that lower the risk of illness and early death.

Why are people with disabilities at higher risk of obesity?

Activity limitations, food barriers, medications, and inaccessible environments.

What are two ways to prevent obesity?

Exercise regularly and eat a healthy diet.

What is the leading preventable cause of death in the U.S.?

Smoking.

What are two effective smoking cessation treatments?

Counseling and FDA

What is the best way to detect breast cancer early?

Getting a mammogram.

Why might women with disabilities miss mammograms?

Transportation problems and inaccessible equipment.

What is mental distress?

Emotional or mental struggles that affect daily life.

How much more often do adults with disabilities report frequent mental distress?

Almost five times more often.

Why are relationships important for people with disabilities?

They provide support, connection, and a sense of belonging.

What can make relationships harder for people with disabilities?

Stigma, assumptions, and inaccessible environments.

What is emergency preparedness?

Planning ahead for emergencies like fires, floods, and storms.

What are the three steps in the Ready campaign?

Make a plan, build a kit, and stay informed.

What does perceived health mean?

How a person views their own health.

Can people with disabilities have a good quality of life?

Yes, with support, access, and healthy lifestyle choices.

What is physical activity?

Body movement that uses energy.

What is exercise?

Planned and repeated physical activity meant to improve fitness or health.

What is physical fitness?

The ability to complete daily activities without becoming overly tired.

What are the two categories of physical fitness?

Health related and skill

What are the five health related fitness components?

Cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition, muscular endurance, muscular strength, and flexibility.

What are the six skill related fitness components?

Agility, balance, coordination, speed, power, and reaction time.

What does cardiorespiratory fitness measure?

How well the heart, lungs, and muscles work together during activity.

What does body composition measure?

The amounts of fat and lean tissue in the body.

What is muscular strength?

The amount of force a muscle can produce.

What is muscular endurance?

How long a muscle can keep working.

What is flexibility?

The ability of a joint to move through its range of motion.

What are two benefits of physical activity?

Better heart health and stronger muscles.

How can physical activity help mental health?

It can improve mood and lower anxiety.

What is one benefit of physical activity for older adults?

It improves daily functioning and helps prevent falls.

What does CRF stand for?

Cardiorespiratory fitness.

Why is high cardiorespiratory fitness important?

It lowers the risk of health problems and early death.

What does one MET measure?

A unit of energy use compared with resting.

How many minutes of moderate activity should adults aim for each week?

150–300 minutes.

How many minutes of vigorous activity should adults aim for each week?

75–150 minutes.

How often should adults do muscle strengthening activities?

At least two days per week.

What is disability inclusion?

Including people with disabilities in everyday activities and opportunities.

What is the main goal of disability inclusion?

Giving everyone equal access and opportunities.

What are the seven barriers to inclusion?

Attitudinal, communication, physical, policy, programmatic, social, and transportation

What are attitudinal barriers?

Negative beliefs or stereotypes about people with disabilities.

What are communication barriers?

Information that is not provided in accessible formats.

What are physical barriers?

Buildings or spaces that are difficult to access.

What are policy barriers?

Rules that leave out people with disabilities.

What are programmatic barriers?

Programs that do not offer needed support or accommodations.

What are social barriers?

Lack of support or acceptance from others.

What are transportation barriers?

Transportation that does not meet a person's needs.

What is universal design?

Designing spaces and services so they can be used by as many people as possible.

What is a reasonable accommodation?

A change that helps a person with a disability participate equally.

What does people first language mean?

Putting the person before the disability.

What is an example of people first language?

Saying "person who uses a wheelchair."

What does the Inclusive Healthy Communities Model focus on?

Making communities healthier and more accessible for everyone.

How many phases are in the Inclusive Healthy Communities Model?

Six

What happens during the commitment phase?

A community coalition is formed.

What happens during the assessment and training phase?

The group receives training and identifies community barriers.

What happens during the prioritization and planning phase?

The group chooses goals and creates an action plan.

What is Special Olympics Healthy Athletes?

A program that provides free health screenings and education for athletes with intellectual disabilities.

Why are physical activity levels often lower for people with disabilities?

They may face personal and environmental barriers.

What are personal barriers to physical activity?

Health problems, low fitness, low confidence, and limited income.

What are environmental barriers to physical activity?

Inaccessible programs, transportation problems, and lack of support.

What is self efficacy?

Believing you can successfully do something.

What are the five steps health professionals should follow?

Know guidelines, ask about activity, discuss barriers, recommend options, and refer to resources.

How much moderate physical activity should adults aim for weekly?

At least 150 minutes.

What should someone do if they cannot meet activity guidelines?

Be as active as their abilities allow.

What is teach back?

Asking someone to explain information in their own words to check understanding.

What is the Theory of Planned Behavior?

A theory that says attitudes, social expectations, and perceived control affect behavior.

What is the Transtheoretical Model?

A model that explains the stages people go through when changing behavior.

What are the stages of behavior change?

Precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, and relapse.

What is precontemplation?

Not planning to change a behavior.

What is contemplation?

Thinking about making a change.

What is preparation?

Getting ready to make a change soon.

What is action?

Recently making a behavior change.

What is maintenance?

Keeping a behavior change going over time.

What is the Social Cognitive Theory?

A theory that explains how people, their environment, and their behavior affect each other.

What are the three needs in Self Determination Theory?

Autonomy, competence, and relatedness.

What are the six parts of the Health Belief Model?

Susceptibility, severity, benefits, barriers, self efficacy, and cues to action.

What is the goal of an adapted physical activity program?

To change activities or environments so people with different abilities can participate.