Purposive Communication: Fundamentals, Principles, Ethics, and Globalization

Vocabulary flashcards covering the definition and types of communication, the elements and model of the communication process, principles of effective communication, communication ethics, and the drivers and linguistic impacts of globalization.

Communication

The transfer of information, thoughts, or ideas to create a shared understanding between a sender and a receiver, or the process of transferring information from one point to another.

Verbal Communication

A form of communication that uses words or symbols through speaking or writing, focused on how messages are portrayed (such as tone of voice, descriptive words, emphasis on phrases, and volume).

Non-Verbal Communication

Communication produced by the body or the broad setting (such as time, space, and silence), including touch, glance, eye contact, facial expressions, gestures, posture, dress, smell, context, and formality.

Communication Process Model

A cyclical flow of interaction where a sender encodes a message through a channel amid noise, which a receiver decodes and responds to via feedback within a shared context.

Sender (Source)

The element in the communication process responsible for initiating the communication and creating the message.

Encoding

The process of translating a message into a form that can be understood by the receiver, such as words, gestures, or symbols.

Message

The information, thought, or idea being communicated from the sender to the receiver.

Channel

The medium through which a message is transmitted, such as a phone call, email, or face-to-face conversation.

Receiver

The person who receives, takes in, and interprets the communicated message.

Decoding

The process of interpreting the message received by the receiver based on their own understanding.

Noise

Any interference that disrupts the clear transmission or reception of a message.

Feedback

The receiver's response to the sender indicating whether the message was understood.

Context

The background and circumstances that affect how a message is sent, received, and understood.

Clarity

A principle of communication that ensures speeches and messages are understandable by strictly avoiding fuzzy language, jargon, cliché expressions, euphemisms, and doublespeak.

Concreteness

A principle of communication that reduces misunderstandings by supporting messages with factual research data, statistics, or figures rather than abstract words.

Courtesy

A principle of communication that builds goodwill by being polite, respectful, and considerate in terms of approach and manner of addressing an individual.

Correctness

A principle of communication emphasizing proper grammar, language, and punctuation, as errors obscure meaning and damage the speaker's or writer's credibility.

Conciseness

A principle of communication highlighting simplicity and directness by keeping messages short, direct to the point, and free from confusing, lengthy expressions.

Coherence

A principle of communication in which the message is organized so that each idea flows neatly into the next, making it easier to follow and remember.

Completeness

A principle asserting that in complicated subject matters (educational, legal, or business), conveying all necessary information takes precedence over brevity to eliminate the risk of misunderstanding.

Communication Ethics

A standard advocating truthfulness, accuracy, honesty, freedom of expression, tolerance of dissent, respect for other communicators, access to communication resources, and accepting responsibility for communication consequences.

Globalization

The phenomenon of how trade and technology have transformed the world into a more interconnected and interdependent place.

Colonization

A primary driver that marked the beginnings of globalization, through which colonizers introduced cultures, languages, foods, clothing, beliefs, values, and education systems to other nations.

Diaspora

A driver of globalization (also called migration) referring to people's movement and inhabitation outside their homelands, historically tied to the dispersion of the Jews beyond Israel.

Technologies (Driver of Globalization)

Modern tools such as the internet, smartphones, and computers that facilitate instantaneous international interaction and expose individuals and nations to global events, shaping micro- and macro-level perspectives.

Global Village

A concept developed by Marshall McLuhan asserting that people throughout the world have become interconnected through the use of new media technology.

Lingua Franca

A shared common language utilized to achieve international intelligibility across diverse groups, with English widely recognized as the de facto global lingua franca.