CLA 2103 Lec 2

What is another name for the Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus?

The Capitoline Temple

Which two minor gods' shrines were incorporated into the Capitoline Temple because they refused to move?

Terminus (boundaries) and Juventas (youth)

Which major gods did Terminus and Juventas syncretize with?

Terminus with Jupiter; Juventas with Minerva and Juno

What era was the 8th to 6th century BC in Rome?

The time of the Kings (Etruscan Monarchy)

When was the Roman Republic founded?

510/509 BC

Why were nails driven specifically into Minerva's side of the temple?

She is the goddess of numbers, military strategy, crafts, and skills

What is the Latin word for nail?

Clavus

What does the Latin word "annulus" mean, and what time-keeping word is it related to?

It means "ring" and is etymologically related to "annus" (year)

Where did the practice of counting years with nails likely originate?

The Etruscans (who drove nails into the temple of the goddess Nortia at Volsinii)

If Rome was physically inhabited around 1600 BC, what does the 753 BC "founding" date likely represent?

The year the Etruscans (and their nail-counting system) arrived in Rome

What is the ancient practice of "infant exposure"?

Abandoning an unwanted or abnormal infant to the elements (e.g., throwing them in a river)

According to the Satyricon excerpt, did early Rome have a guilt culture or a shame culture?

A shame culture (people were only concerned if others found out about their misdeeds)