geothermal

geothermal energy

heat from the earth (225-600F)

• hot spring

• geyser

• steam vent

geothermal sources

dry steam plants

use hydrothermal fluids that are primary steam.

were the first type of geothermal power generation plants built (in lardarello in italy in 1904)

northern california

where the lasrgest single source of geothermal power

flash steam plants

are the most common type of geothermal power generation plants in operation today

20%

failure rate

hydrogen sulfide

is a colorless gas that is harmless in small quantities, but is often regarded as an “annoyance” due to its distinctive “rotten-egg” smell

mercury

occurs naturally in soils, groundwater, and streams, but human activity can release additional mercury into the air, water, and soil

nitrogen oxides

are often colorless and odorless, or reddish brown as nitrogen dioxide

total organic gases

TOG meaning

reactive organic gas

meaning of ROG

boron

an element found in volcanic spring waters, does not exist naturally in its elemental form, but is commonly found as a mineral salt, “borax”

• hydrogen sulfide

• mercury

• nitrogen oxides

• sulfur dioxides

• carbon dioxide

• TOGs and ROGs

• boron

• effluents (drilling and cuttings), (spent geothermal fluids)

• solid waste

• subsidence

environmental issues of geo