Lab 3 Blood supply

Blue rectangle structure?

Internal carotid artery

Structures top to bottom

Basilar artery

Left and right vertebral artery

Internal carotid artery

Structures top to bottom

Internal carotid artery
Basilar artery

Vertebral arteries

Green rectangle structure?

Basilar artery

Orange rectange structure?

Vertebral arteries (2 vessels)

Circle of Willis structures: Blue circle

Anterior communicating artery

Orange circle Circle structure

Anterior cerebral artery (A1 segment)

Red Circle structure

Posterior communicating artery

Green Circle structure(s)

Posterior cerebral artery (P2 segment)
Posterior cerebral artery (P1 segment)

Branches of…blank, label structures 1 - 5

Internal Carotid Artery Branches

1. Opthalmic artery

2. Anterior Cerebral artery

3. Anterior communicating artery

4. Middle cerebral artery

5. Posterior communicating artery

Opthalmic artery funciton

small branch to the orbit of the eye

Anterior cerebral artery supplies…

medial frontal/parietal lobes

Anterior Communicating artery connects…

both anterior cerebral arteries

Middle cerebral artery supplies out…

lateral frontal, parietal, and superior portions of temporal lobe

Posterior Communicating artery connects which 2 structures to each other

Posterior Communicating artery connects internal carotid artery to posterior cerebral artery (#5)

MOTOR & SENSORY homunclus (Pre + Post Central Gyrus) is supplied by…

Lateral side (Lower extrem): middle cerebral artery

Medial side (Face + trunk + Upper extrem): anterior cerebral artery

Overlap/small arteriolar connections that link the terminal branches of the major cerebral arteries

leptomeningeal anastomosis (Watershed region)

Structures 1 - 2

1. Anterior inferior cerebellar artery

2. Labyrinthe artery

Structures 3 - 4, B

3. Pontine arteries

4. Superior cerebellar artery

Basilar artery

Structures 5 - 6, V

5. Posterior Cerebral artery (connected to anterior circulation via Pcomm a.)

6. Posterior Spinal artery

2 vertebral arteries

Structures 7 - 8

7. Anterior Spinal artery (single vessel)

8. Post. Inferior Cerebellar artery:

Anterior inferior cerebellar artery function

supplies ventral cerebellum and dorsolateral mid-lower pons

Labyrinthe artery function

Difficult to find, can be a branch off the AICA, serves inner ear

Pontine branches (paramedian, short/long circumferential)

Blood supply to the midline pons via paramedian branches, and the lateral/dorsal pons via the short/long circumferential aa.

Superior cerebellar artery function

supplies superior cerebellum, midbrain structures, superior & middle cerebellar peduncles

Posterior Cerebral artery function (#5)

Supplies cerebral hemispheres: serves midbrain, hypothalamus, thalamus, occipital lobe (visual cortex)/inferior temporal gyrus

Connected to anterior circulation via posterior communicating artery

Posterior spinal artery (2) function (#6)

• blood supply to dorsolateral aspect of spinal cord and dorsal caudal medulla

• supplies posterior of spinal cord

• Each spinal artery supplies 1/6 of spinal cord, with both spinal arteries, supplies 1/3 of spinal cord

Anterior Spinal artery #7

supplies anterior 2/3s of spinal cord and ventral medulla

Posterior Inferior Cerebellar artery #8

Supplies inferior cerebellum and lateral aspect of medulla

How many total pairs of spinal nerves?

31 pairs of spinal nerves

How many pairs of cervical nerves

8 cervical pairs

How many pairs of thoracic nerves

12 thoracic pairs

How many pairs of lumbar nerves

5 lumbar

How many pairs of sacral nerves

5 sacral

How many pairs of coccygeal nerves

1 pair

conus medullaris

tapered end of the spinal cord, L1-2 level

Cauda equina

bundle of spinal nerves which exit the conus

Dural sac

Central canal

Dorsal horn

Ventral horn

intermediate gray

Lateral horn

Label A - F

A: dorsal root

B: dorsal root ganglion

C: Ventral root

D: spinal nerve

E: dorsal rami

F: ventral rami

Intermediate Zone

Intermediolateral cell column: a group of neuron cell bodies in the spinal cord that controls the sympathetic and parasympathetic (autonomic) nervous systems

Interneurons

Ventral Horn

Nuclei Motor Nuclei (Medial/Lateral)

Interneurons

Structures of blue, green, and red?

Blue: dorsal column

Green: lateral column

Red: ventral column

Blue and red structure?

Blue = Gracile fasciculus: carries LE sensory

Red = Cuneate fasciculus: carries UE sensory

Blue and red structures

Blue: Lissauer’s tract: sensory fibers, pain and temp, ascend or descend 1-2 level of the cord before synapsing in the dorsal horn gray matter.

Red: Propriospinal tract: surrounds gray matter, connects & communicates between spinal cord levels.

Label the number of these Cranial Nerves

Cranial nerves 1 - 3

Olfactory nerve

Optic nerve

Oculomotor nerve

Cranial Nerves 4- 6

Trochlear nerve

Trigeminal nerve

Abducens

Cranial nerves 7 - 9

Facial motor to muscles

Vestibulomotor

Glossopharyngeal:

Cranial nerves 10 - 12

Vagus nerve

Spinal accessory nerve

Hypoglossal nerve