Substance-Related & Addictive Disorders, Personality Disorders, Eating Disorders & Sleep

These flashcards encompass key terms and definitions from the lecture on substance-related disorders, personality disorders, eating disorders, and sleep disorders.

Substance-Related & Addictive Disorders in Adolescents

Dependency disrupts brain development, especially in the prefrontal cortex, leading to cognitive deficits and increased risk-taking behavior.

Consequences of Substance Abuse in Adults

Typically involve occupational failure, relationship strain, and chronic health issues like liver disease or cardiovascular stress.

Risks of Substance Abuse in Older Adults

Includes increased risk of falls, medication interactions, and accelerated cognitive decline.

CAGE Screening Tool

A 4-question tool (Cut down, Annoyed, Guilty, Eye-opener) used for assessing alcohol use.

SBIRT

Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment; a public health approach for early intervention in substance abuse.

Cluster A Personality Disorders

Characterized by Odd/Eccentric behaviors, includes Paranoid, Schizoid, and Schizotypal disorders.

Cluster B Personality Disorders

Characterized by Dramatic/Erratic behaviors, includes Antisocial, Borderline, Histrionic, and Narcissistic disorders.

Cluster C Personality Disorders

Characterized by Anxious/Fearful behaviors, includes Avoidant, Dependent, and Obsessive-Compulsive disorders.

Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD)

Characterized by instability of affect, identity, relationships, fear of abandonment, and impulsivity.

Splitting

A common defense mechanism in BPD where individuals are viewed as 'all good' or 'all bad'.

Setting Boundaries in Nursing

Essential to prevent manipulation; promotes consistency among staff with care plans.

Crisis Safety Protocol

Includes immediate assessment for self-harm or suicidal ideation, prioritizing clinical observation.

Anorexia Nervosa

Characterized by an intense fear of weight gain, distorted body image, and restricted food intake.

Bulimia Nervosa

Recurrent binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors like purging or excessive exercise.

Binge Eating Disorder

Bingeing episodes without any compensatory purging behavior.

Pica and ARFID

Pica involves consuming non-food items, whereas ARFID is extreme pickiness not related to body image.

Refeeding Syndrome

A life-threatening metabolic complication when nutrition is reintroduced too quickly, often resulting in hypophosphatemia.

Sleep Stages

NREM includes stages of light to deep sleep, while REM is characterized by active dreaming and muscle atonia.

Insomnia

Difficulty falling or staying asleep, typically treated with sleep hygiene and pharmacological aids.

Nightmares vs Sleep Terrors

Nightmares occur during REM and can be recalled; Sleep Terrors occur during deep NREM and are not recalled.