Unit 1: Perspectives and Careers Flashcards

Nature-Nurture Issue

Controversy over the contributions that genes and experience make to the development of psychological traits and behaviors

Psychodynamic Perspective

How the unconscious mind shapes behavior

Behavioral Perspective

How behavior is learned; Rewards and punishments; All behavior is learned from the environment through conditioning

Cognitive Perspective

People interpret and organize information differently, thinking and decision-making.

Humanistic Perspective

People are “meaning-makers” rather than unconscious forces or conditioned by the environment; empathy, personal growth, individual experience

Evolutionary Perspective

How evolutionary principles apply to psychological processes; natural selection, adaptations

Sociocultural Perspective

Social environments and culture influences behavior, beliefs, emotions, and identity; interpersonal

Biological perspective

Biological systems contribute to memory, mood, sleep, personality and mental disorders

Biopsychosocial Approach

No single perspective explains all behavior

Industrial - Organizational Psychology

Optimizing human behavior in workplaces through psychological approaches

Positive Psychology

Scientific study of human flourishing with the goals of promoting strengths and virtues to help individuals and communities thrive

Health Psychology

Explores the impact of psychological, behavioral, and cultural factors on health and wellness

Psychologist

An individual trained professionally in a branch of psychology

Psychiatrist

A physician who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of mental, behavioral, and personality disorders

Psychology

Scientific study of behavior and mental processes