pollination pt 4

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Last updated 5:55 PM on 10/18/26
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22 Terms

1
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why are angiosperms so diverse?

coevolution w/ pollinators

2
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Bats or moths

  • white flowers

  • highly fragrant

  • opens at night


3
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flies

  • pale/dark brown/ purple flower

  • rotting meat smell

  • “corpse” flowers


4
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birds

  • red/yellow/orange flowers

  • odorless

  • tubular shape


5
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beetles

  • white/green flowers

  • highly fragrant

  • exposed/tough sexual organs


6
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fig wasps

  • entire lifecycle in the fig

  • females are the only ones that leave


<ul><li><p>entire lifecycle in the fig</p></li><li><p>females are the only ones that leave </p></li></ul><p></p>
7
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Fruits evolved in relation to dispersal agents

  • Wind-borne fruits/seeds

  • Fleshy, sweet fruits (animals!)

  • •Hooks and spines (animals!)


8
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Fruit strict definition

matured ovary

9
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Fruit broad definition

A matured ovary along with whatever noncarpellary tissue, or accessory tissue, becomes united with the ovary during its maturation.

10
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parthenocarpy

Fruits can develop without fertilization and seed development

  • this is widespread in species with large numbers of ovules (e.g., banana, citrus, pumpkin, fig, pineapple)

    • what humans select for


11
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12
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carpel/pistil

knowt flashcard image
13
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fruit classification depends on

arrangement if carpels/pistils

  • simple

  • aggregate

  • multiple


14
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<ol><li><p>simple </p></li></ol><p></p>

  1. simple


  • single pistil with either a single carpel or 2+ united carpels

    • most diverse group of the 3 types of fruits

    • drupes

    • berries

    • pomes


15
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  1. aggregate


  • fruit forms from a single flower with many pistils (separate carpels), the ovary of

each develops into a fruitlet; each carpel retains its individual identity in the mature state

(magnolias, raspberries, strawberries)


<ul><li><p>fruit forms from a single flower with many pistils (separate carpels), the ovary of</p></li></ul><p>each develops into a fruitlet; each carpel retains its individual identity in the mature state</p><p>(magnolias, raspberries, strawberries)</p><p></p>
16
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  1. multiple


  • fruit is derived from an entire inflorescence (from many entirely separate flowers) (mulberry, pineapple)


17
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legumes (Fabaceae)

  • pod

  • usually dehiscent


18
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bignoniaceae

can also have a bivalved capsule

<p>can also have a bivalved capsule </p>
19
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Microsporogenesis

the generation of microspores (pollen grains)

20
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Microgametogenesis

the generation of microgametophytes (pollen tube)

21
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pollen grain

2 haploid cells (vegetative/tube and generative) arise from microspore

  • mitosis = microgametophyte


<p>2 haploid cells (vegetative/tube and generative) arise from microspore </p><ul><li><p>mitosis = microgametophyte</p></li></ul><p></p>
22
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<p>the ovule </p>

the ovule

  1. Integument(s) – surrounding layers of tissue; gymnosperms have 1, angiosperms have 2

  2. Micropyle – opening, where 1n microspores can be received.

  3. Megasporangium – produces the

  4. megaspore → embryo sac