Chapter 21.2 Human Structure and Function

Define respiratory zone

Site of gas exchange

Define conducting zone

All air passageways, warms air

Larynx

Connects laryngopharynx with the trachea, Provides open airway, Act as a swinging mechanism to bring food and air to right channels, houses vocal cords

Epigolttis

part of larynx, Closes passageway, protects larynx and trachea, elastic cartilage

Laryngitis

Inflammation of vocal cords

Trachea

Descends from larynx, divides into two main bronchi, hyaline cartilage, Air passage way, cleans warms air

Bronchial tree

Air passageway in the lungs, branches profusely, right has more branches then left

Bronchioles

Branches in bronchial tree, very small diameter

Alveolar sacs

clusters of alveolar ducts, account for lung volume, provide large surface area for gas exchange

3 types of alveoli cells

Type l, Type ll, Alveolar macrophages

Type l Alveolar cells

Formed by squamous epithelial cells, gas exchange

Type ll Alveolar cells

Cuboidal epithelial cells, Scattered along type l cells, Secrete fluid that covers alveolar surfaces

Alveolar macrophages

Crawl freely along internal alveolar surfaces, Eliminate bacteria and other debris