Environmental Management - Rocks, Minerals, and Energy Resources

Fill-in-the-blank practice flashcards covering rock formation, mineral extraction, environmental impacts, and energy management.

A rock is defined as a combination of one or more __________.

minerals

A naturally occurring inorganic substance with a specific chemical composition is known as a __________.

mineral

Molten rock that remains below the surface of the Earth is called __________.

magma

An atom in which the number of positively charged protons is not equal to the number of negatively charged electrons is an __________.

ion

Metamorphic rocks are created from existing rocks when exposed to heat above $150\,^{\circ}\text{C}$ or pressure above __________ without melting.

$$1.5 \times 10^8\,\text{Pa}$$

The Earth has a density of __________, making it the densest planet in the solar system.

$$5.2\,\text{g\,cm}^{-3}$$

The process of searching for mineral deposits by examining surface rocks is called __________.

prospecting

The rock and soil overlying an economically viable mineral deposit is referred to as __________.

overburden

The entrance to a horizontal drift mine is called an __________.

adit

Areas that have never been mined for minerals are known as __________ sites.

greenfield

Iron ores that contain a sufficiently high iron content to avoid needing processing at the mine are called __________ shipping ores.

direct

The process in which the concentration of a substance in living things increases at progressively higher levels in a food chain is __________.

biomagnification

The process of removing pollutants from waste using living organisms is called __________.

bioremediation

Development that meets the needs of the present without affecting the ability of future generations to meet their needs is known as __________ development.

sustainable

Most electricity is generated by electromagnetic induction, which transforms __________ energy into electrical energy.

kinetic

The main flammable component of biogas produced through anaerobic decomposition is __________.

methane

The specimen shown in the image is an example of an igneous rock called __________.

granite

The specimen shown in the image is an example of an igneous rock called __________.

basalt