Week 4 ,, Subcutaneous Mycosis

What is the causative agent for Sporotrichosis?

Sporothrix schenkii

What is the causative agent for Chromoblastomycosis?

Fonsecaea, Phialophora, and Cladosporium

What is the causative agent for Rhinosporidiosis?

Rhinosporidium seeberi

Sporothrix schenkii Morphology at 37C

Round/cigar-shaped cells

Sporothrix schenkii Morphology at 25C

Septate hyphae, rosette-like clusters of conidia at the tips of the conidiophores

Identify the Mycosis

Sporothrix schenkii at 25C

Identify the Mycosis

Sporothrix schenkii at 37C

Sporotrichosis Skin Clinical Findings

Nodule → ulcer → necrosis (following minor trauma) ,, Skin/subcutaneous tissue → lymphatic channels → lymph nodes

Sporotrichosis Systemic Dissemination Clinical Findings

Bones, joints, meninges

Sporotrichosis Diagnosis

Aspiration fluid, pus, biopsy ,, yeast aggulatination test ,, direct examination with KOH and histopathological examination with methenamine silver stain ,, yeast cell asteroid body

Chromoblastomycosis Clinical Findings

Posttraumatic chronic infection of subcutaneous tissue ,, Papules → verrucous cauliflower-like lesions on lower extremities

Chromoblastomycosis Diagnosis

Direct microscopic examination with KOH ,, copper penny bodies (sclerotic bodies) ,, SAB agar, 4-6 weeks at 30C

Chromoblastomycosis Treatment

Surgery ,, antifungal therapy (Amphotericin B and Flucytosine)

Mycetoma Clinical Findings

Localized, swollen yet painless granulomatous lesions on the feet and lower legs but can also affect the hands and arms

Mycetoma Diagnosis

Nonspecific ,, characteristics of granules, colony morphology, and physiological tests are used for identification

Eumycotic mycetoma

Caused by fungi

Actinomycotic mycetoma

Caused by bacteria

Eumycetoma Treatment

Surgery ,, antifungal therapy (Amphotericin B, Flucytosine, Topical nystatin, Topical potassium iodide)

Rhinospordifiosis Treatment

Surgery

Rhinosporidiosis Clinical Findings

Chronic infection ,, polypoid masses at nasal mucosa, conjunctiva, genitalia, and rectum

Identify the Fungus

Rhinosporidium Seeberi