Arts, Animation, Comics, and Punk Exam Review

Vocabulary practice flashcards covering history, techniques, key figures, and movements in Animation, Western Art, Comics, and Punk Music.

Magic lantern

An early image projection device that displayed static, non-moving images.

Thaumatrope (thaurmatrope)

An early animation device featuring a spinning disk with images on opposite sides.

Phenakistoscope / Zoetrope (1867)

An early animation device consisting of a spinning cylinder that creates the illusion of motion.

Flip Book

An early animation medium consisting of a book of sequential images flipped to create the illusion of movement.

Théâtre Optique

Recognized as the first moving image device, developed by Émile Reynaud.

Execution of Mary, Queen of Scots (1895)

An early film produced by Edison Studios notable for its pioneering visual effects (VFX).

Fleischer Studios (Fleisher Studios)

Animation studio known for inventing and utilizing Rotoscope technology.

Steamboat Willie

An early Disney animated film known for its rubber hose animation style.

The Adventures of Prince Achmed (Adventures of Prince Acmed, 1926)

Created by Lotte Reiniger, recognized as the first animated feature film.

UPA animation

An animation style based off of and inspired by modern art.

Ray Harryhausen

Animator famous for claymation-based visual effects (VFX), who was mentored by Willis O'Brien.

Osamu Tezuka

Creator of Astro Boy, widely known as the 'father of anime.'

Norman McLaren

A Canadian animator renowned for his work with visual abstraction and sound experiments.

Peter Folds (Peter folds)

A Canadian animator recognized for his work with computer interpolation.

1980s Animation Landscape

An era dominated in the USA by toy-based animations, while Japan produced high-end anime such as Akira.

Amphora

A classical vase used for holding wine.

Classical Architectural Columns

The three classical Greek orders: Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian.

Adoration

A Christian artistic subject matter depicting figures fawning over Baby Jesus.

Gothic Church Architecture

An ecclesiastical architectural style characterized by pointy structures, distinct from classical Roman churches with geometric arches.

Daniel Hopfer

The historical artist to whom the origin of etching is attributed.

Mannerism

An art movement characterized by elongated forms in the human figure.

Renaissance (Rennasaince)

An art period characterized by nature-based human anatomy.

Baroque

An art movement defined by dramatic lighting, exemplified by painters Caravaggio and Rembrandt.

Neoclassicism

A 19th-century French art movement centered on returning to Renaissance ideas and principles.

Romanticism

An artistic movement focused on narrative, emotional expression, and religious stories, exemplified by William Blake.

Realism

An artistic movement consisting of paintings depicting the everyday person.

Modernism

An art movement characterized by flatness of the picture plane, abstraction over narrative, collage/appropriation, and a focus on 'progress.'

Art Nouveau

An art and design style characterized by plant and floral forms and curvilinear lines.

Still Life with Chair Caning

A work by Pablo Picasso recognized as the first 'fine art' collage.

Italian Futurism

An avant-garde art movement characterized by geometric abstraction.

Kurt Schwitters

A German collage artist who created Merz 458 Wriedt (1922) and the Merzbau installation.

Merzbau

The first art installation, created by Kurt Schwitters out of paper collage, which was destroyed when the UK firebombed it.

Pop Art

An artistic reaction against Abstract Expressionism (AbEx) focusing on the art of everyday things.

Postmodernism (Post modernism)

An artistic and cultural movement characterized by pluralism/relativism, irony, the use of text, and the blurring of high and low art.

Lynd Ward (Lynn Ward)

An early American comic pioneer known for creating woodblock graphic novels.

The Yellow Kid

An early American comic strip published in Hearst newspapers.

Winsor McCay (Windsor Mccay)

Early American cartoonist famous for creating the strip Little Nemo.

Krazy Kat

A comic strip created by George Herriman that ran from 1913 to 1944.

Pre-code Comics

An era of American comics known for being edgy, incisive, and heavily focused on horror.

Post-code Comics

The era of comics regulated by the Comics Code, which limited mainstream genres to superheroes, romance, and newspaper strips for kids.

Silver Age of Comics (1960s)

A period defined by Jack Kirby creating iconic Marvel Comics characters alongside Stan Lee.

Jack Kirby

A prolific comic artist who served as a vital bridge between comics and modernism.

Robert Crumb

An underground and indie cartoonist famous for 'great drawings of gross stuff.'

Twisted Sisters (Twisted Sister)

An underground comic anthology showcasing women cartoonists.

Raw

A compilation anthology of underground comics published by Art Spiegelman (Pulitzer Prize-winning author of Maus) and Françoise Mouly (Francois Mooley).

Heavy Metal

A prominent European comic anthology magazine.

Punk Rock

A genre of vernacular (untrained) music characterized by DIY ethics and political themes.

Joe Meek

An innovative producer known for generating artificial reverb using box springs.

Link Wray (Link Ray)

Guitarist famed for using heavy tremolo on the instrumental track 'Rumble.'

Maestro FZ-1 Fuzz-Tone

The first widely marketed fuzz distortion guitar and bass effects pedal.

Nuggets

A series of compilation albums that widely distributed and popularized garage rock.

The Shaggs

An outsider music group cited as the ultimate example of DIY music.

Los Saicos

Peruvian band whose 1965 song 'Demolicion' is considered by many to be the first punk record.

The Velvet Underground (VU)

Influential band featuring Lou Reed, Nico, Moe Tucker, John Cale, and Sterling Morrison; produced and bankrolled by Andy Warhol as his house band.

John Cage

An experimental composer who made music with everyday objects, aligning conceptually with Pop Art.

Black Panthers (Punk Politics)

A political movement associated with cop watching, free school lunch programs, and radical newspaper production (featuring Emory Douglas).

Krautrock

A German experimental rock movement that utilized electronic devices and electronic music.

Zines

Pre-internet DIY music publications made using Xerox design, which eventually led into screenprinted poster art.

Riot Grrrl (Riot Grrl)

A feminist punk rock movement exemplified by bands like Bikini Kill and Sleater-Kinney (sweater Kinney).

4-track (Tascam Portastudio)

A portable multitrack recording format introduced into the USA via Tascam (tascam portastatic), prominently used by New Zealand artists such as The Clean, Chris Knox, and The Verlaines.