Gram Negatives

Vibrio cholerae

severely dehydrating rice-water diarrhea, cholera A-B toxin ADP ribosylase

Shigella

non-lactose fermenter, non-motile, dysentery, actin rockets

Enterobacteriaceae

gram-negative bacilli, facultative anaerobes, oxidase negative

Enterobacteriaceous: Lactose Fermenting

E. coli, Enterobacter, Klebsiella

Enterobacteriaceous: Lactose Negative

Salmonella, Shigella, Yersinia

Enterobacteriaceous illnesses

UTI, diarrhea, meningitis, typhoid fever

Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC)

traveler’s diarrhea (watery), heat labile toxin raises cAMP

Enterohemorrhagic E. Coli (EHEC)

hemorrhagic colitis, hemolytic uremic syndrome, Shiga toxin: undercooked beef

Shiga toxin

A-B toxin that inactivates ribosomes

hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS)

hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, acute renal failure

non-typhoidal Salmonella

non-bloody gastroenteritis, N/V, abdominal pain, replicates in vacuoles: poultry

typhoidal Salmonella

enteric (slowly rising) fever, septicemia: f/o transmission, prolonged survival in macrophages

Yersinia enterocolitica

pseudoappendicitis: f/o route

Campylobacter jejuni

f/o transmission, undercooked poultry/meat: grows at 42°C, Guillain-Barre syndrome

Helicobacter pylori

urease positive, gastritis, GI ulcers: needs antibiotics + PPIs