parts of neuron and action potential quiz

Action potential

The electrical signal that travels along a neuron's axon.

Resting potential

The state when a neuron is not stimulated; about -70 mV.

Polarized

The resting state where the inside of the neuron is negative compared to the outside.

Threshold

The point where the stimulus is strong enough to trigger an action potential; about -55 mV.

Depolarization

Na+ channels open and Na+ rushes into the neuron, making the inside more positive.

Repolarization

Na+ channels close and K+ channels open, causing K+ to move out and the inside to become negative again.

Hyperpolarization

The neuron becomes more negative than its normal resting potential.

Refractory period

The recovery period after an action potential when another action potential is difficult to produce.

Sodium-potassium pump

A pump that moves 3 Na+ out and 2 K+ into the neuron.

Resting ion arrangement

Na+ is mainly outside and K+ is mainly inside the neuron.

Depolarization voltage

About +40 mV at the peak of the action potential.

Resting voltage

About -70 mV.

Threshold voltage

About -55 mV.

dendrites

recieve signals from other cells

cell body

organizes and keeps the cell function

axon hillock

generates impulse in the neuron

nodes of ranvier

allow diffusion of ions → saltatory conduction

schwann cell

produces the myelin sheath. 1. speed up the impulse. 2. unsulate the action

axon terminal

forms junctions with other cells

myelin sheath

increases the speed of the signal

axon

transfers signals to other cells and organs

nucleus

controls the entire neuron - DNA

cell membrane

protects the cell