Glucagon Hypoglycemia Treatment & Insulin Sliding Scale Calculations

What is the mechanism of action of glucagon?

Glucagon is a hyperglycemic hormone that accelerates hepatic glycogenolysis to quickly elevate blood sugar levels.

What are the indications for administering glucagon?

Severe emergency treatment of hypoglycemia in patients who are unconscious, have seizures, or are unable to safely swallow oral carbohydrates.

What are common side effects of glucagon?

Nausea/vomiting, headache, and injection site reactions.

How is glucagon administered?

Via Subcutaneous (SubQ) or Intramuscular (IM) injection.

What should be provided after a patient regains consciousness from glucagon administration?

An oral simple sugar followed by a small snack containing complex carbohydrates and protein, such as crackers or milk.

What is the scheduled dose of Humulin NPH in the example?

40 units.

What is the scheduled dose of Humulin Regular in the example?

25 units.

What is the patient's blood sugar level in the example?

213 mg/dL.

How many additional units of Regular insulin are added for a blood sugar of 213 mg/dL?

4 units.

What is the total number of insulin units to be administered in the example?

69 units (40 units NPH + 25 units Regular + 4 units from sliding scale).

What is the sliding scale range for blood sugar levels 201-220 mg/dL?

4 units of Regular insulin.

What should be done if blood sugar is greater than 240 mg/dL?

Call the physician.

What is the purpose of glucagon in emergency treatment?

To quickly elevate blood sugar levels in hypoglycemic patients.

What is the significance of providing complex carbohydrates after glucagon?

To replenish glycogen stores after hypoglycemia treatment.