Intro to World religion - Final

What is the literal meaning of the word Shinto?

What is the literal meaning of the word Shinto?

Shinto originated in which country?

Japan

The spirits or divine beings worshiped in Shinto are called what?

Kami

Which of the following best describes kami?

Forces of nature, ancestors, and sacred powers

The most important Shinto shrine is dedicated to which kami?

Amaterasu

Amaterasu is the goddess of what?

The sun

Who is traditionally regarded as a descendant of Amaterasu?

The Japanese emperor

The sacred gate marking the entrance to a Shinto shrine is called a:

Torii

Purification rituals in Shinto are known as:

Harae

What is the purpose of matsuri in Shinto practice?

To honor the kami through festivals and offerings

Which object is commonly found at the entrance of a shrine for ritual washing?

A water basin with ladles

The Kojiki and Nihon Shoki are:

Ancient Shinto scriptures

Shinto emphasizes which of the following above all?

Purity and harmony with nature

Which animal is often associated with the rice deity Inari?

Fox

What is the ema in Shinto shrines?

A wooden plaque for writing prayers or wishes

What is the name of the ritual dance performed at shrines?

Kagura

What happens to most Shinto priests after marriage?

They must retire

What is the relationship between Shinto and Buddhism in Japan?

They have coexisted and blended over time

What is the sacred mirror of Amaterasu called, one of Japan's Imperial Regalia?

Yata no Kagami

The central focus of Shinto worship is:

Reverence for kami through purity and gratitude

Which description best characterizes historical Norse religion?

A local, oral, polytheistic tradition

Which period is conventionally called the Viking Age?

c. 793–1066 CE

Who composed the Prose Edda around 1220?

Snorri Sturluson

What is Yggdrasil in Norse cosmology?

The great world tree

Which statement about the Nine Worlds best reflects the surviving sources?

No single agreed list or layout survives

In the creation account, from what is the earth formed?

The flesh of Ymir

Which deity is associated with the Vanir rather than the Æsir in the lecture?

Freyja

According to Hávamál, how does Odin acquire the runes?

By hanging nine nights on the world tree

Which description of Loki is most consistent with the lecture?

A trickster whose actions both aid and endanger the gods

What is the significance of the Norns in Norse mythology?

They shape the destinies of beings, including gods

What is a blót?

A ritual offering or sacrifice

Which statement about the Norse afterlife is supported by the lecture?

The sources describe multiple destinations for the dead

What happens after the destruction associated with Ragnarök?

A renewed earth rises from the sea

How did Iceland adopt Christianity around the year 1000, according to the lecture?

Through a decision of its national assembly

Which statement accurately describes modern Ásatrú and Heathenry?

They are modern movements drawing on texts and archaeology to reconstruct practice

The term Torah most directly means:

Instruction or teaching

Which set names the three divisions of the Tanakh?

Torah, Nevi’im, Ketuvim

What event occurred in Jerusalem in 70 CE?

The Second Temple was destroyed

The Mishnah is best described as:

An early rabbinic compilation of traditions

In Jewish tradition, covenant primarily refers to:

A binding relationship and obligations

Which practice centers on a weekly sacred time of rest?

Shabbat

Which festival especially commemorates the Exodus from Egypt?

Passover

The Talmud includes

Mishnah and rabbinic discussions

the Shema is especially associated with:

The unity of God

Which is a responsible academic approach to Judaism?

Recognize internal diversity and historical change

What is halakhah?

Jewish law and religious practice

Rabbinic Judaism developed:

Gradually through interpretation and communal life

Which movement commonly emphasizes the continuing binding character of halakhah?

Orthodox Judaism

Which is a feature of Second Temple Judaism?

Multiple Jewish groups and interpretations existed

Tzedakah is closely associated with:

Justice and charitable obligation

Christianity emerged initially within which setting?

Second Temple Judaism

Which source predates the canonical Gospels?

Several letters of Paul

The Council of Nicaea in 325 primarily addressed debates about

the Son’s relation to the Father

The Council of Chalcedon in 451 is especially associated with

Christological definition

Which group is an ancient Christian family distinct from Eastern Orthodoxy?

Oriental Orthodox churches

The date 1054 is often associated with

the East–West Schism

Which movement is especially associated with Martin Luther?

Lutheran Reformation

Which tradition emerged from reform movements within the Church of England?

Methodism

Believer’s baptism is especially characteristic of many

Baptist churches

The term filioque is associated with disputes over

the procession of the Holy Spirit

Which tradition commonly emphasizes Wesleyan sanctification?

Methodist

Which Christian-identifying movement recognizes additional scriptures and continuing revelation?

Latter-day Saints

Jehovah’s Witnesses are commonly described as non-Nicene because they

reject Nicene Trinitarian doctrine

Which statement about Seventh-day Adventists is most accurate?

They are generally Trinitarian and have distinctive Sabbath observance

Which factor can help explain the formation of Christian denominations?

Theology, institutions, politics, and migration