SULFONYLUREAS/ TZDs/ BIGUANIDES/ THYROID AGENTS/ TESTOSTERONE/ ANTIESTROGENS

Glimepiride Amaryl — Sulfonylurea

Glimepiride PO/Function/Common Use PO — Reduces blood glucose by increasing insulin secretion from the pancreas — Type 2 diabetes

Glimepiride Adverse Drug Reactions/Special Considerations Hypoglycemia (low blood glucose) — Nausea, heartburn, weight gain — Low price but generally not preferred

Glipizide Glucotrol — Sulfonylurea

Glipizide PO/Function/Common Use PO — Reduces blood glucose by increasing insulin secretion from the pancreas — Type 2 diabetes

Glipizide Adverse Drug Reactions/Special Considerations Hypoglycemia (low blood glucose) — Nausea, heartburn, weight gain — Low price but generally not preferred

Glyburide Diabeta, Micronase — Sulfonylurea

Glyburide PO/Function/Common Use PO — Reduces blood glucose by increasing insulin secretion from the pancreas — Type 2 diabetes

Glyburide Adverse Drug Reactions/Special Considerations Hypoglycemia (low blood glucose) — Nausea, heartburn, weight gain — Low price but generally not preferred

Pioglitazone Actos — Thiazolidinedione (TZD)

Pioglitazone PO/Function/Common Use PO — Works on PPAR to change gene expression of proteins/enzymes for glucose and lipid metabolism — Type 2 diabetes

Pioglitazone Adverse Drug Reactions/Special Considerations Worsening heart failure, fluid retention — Headache, myalgia (muscle pain) — Avoid in heart failure patients

Metformin Glucophage, Glumetza — Biguanide

Metformin PO/Function/Common Use PO — Increases tissue uptake of glucose; reduces GI absorption of glucose; reduces liver production of glucose — Type 2 diabetes, polycystic ovarian disease

Metformin Adverse Drug Reactions/Special Considerations Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) — rare — Diarrhea, nausea, metallic taste — Avoid in patients with stage IV and V chronic kidney disease

Metformin-glyburide Glucovance — Combination biguanide + sulfonylurea

Metformin-glyburide PO/Function/Common Use PO — Combination of individual drugs — Combination of individual drugs

Metformin-glyburide Adverse Drug Reactions/Special Considerations Combination of individual drugs — Combination of individual drugs — Combination of individual drugs

Levothyroxine Synthroid, Levoxyl, Levothroid, Tirosint, Unithroid — Thyroid supplement

Levothyroxine PO/Function/Common Use PO — Mimics the thyroid hormone thyroxine (T4) — Hypothyroidism (low thyroid hormone)

Levothyroxine Adverse Drug Reactions/Special Considerations — — Hyperthyroidism (palpitations, sweating, anorexia, weight loss)

Thyroid USP Armour Thyroid, Nature-Throid, Westhroid — Thyroid supplement

Thyroid USP PO/Function/Common Use PO — Mimics the thyroid hormone thyroxine (T4) — Hypothyroidism (low thyroid hormone)

Thyroid USP Adverse Drug Reactions/Special Considerations — — Hyperthyroidism (palpitations, sweating, anorexia, weight loss)

Methimazole Tapazole — Antithyroid agent

Methimazole PO/Function/Common Use PO — Inhibits the thyroid gland's ability to produce thyroid hormones — Hyperthyroidism (high thyroid hormone)

Methimazole Adverse Drug Reactions/Special Considerations — — —

Testosterone Androderm, Androgel, Testim — Androgen

Testosterone DERM/Function/Common Use DERM — Mimics the androgen hormone (testosterone) — Hypogonadism (low testosterone)

Testosterone Adverse Drug Reactions/Special Considerations Increased risk of cardiovascular events, hypertension — Mood changes, gynecomastia, acne, prostate enlargement — Avoid contact by children, women, and animals; avoid in prostate or breast cancer

Testosterone Depo-Testosterone — Androgen

Testosterone SC/Function/Common Use SC — Mimics the androgen hormone (testosterone) — Hypogonadism (low testosterone)

Testosterone Adverse Drug Reactions/Special Considerations Increased risk of cardiovascular events, hypertension — Mood changes, gynecomastia, acne, prostate enlargement — Avoid contact by children, women, and animals; avoid in prostate or breast cancer

Anastrozole Arimidex — Aromatase inhibitor

Anastrozole PO/Function/Common Use PO — Blocks estrogen production — Anti-estrogen to prevent breast cancer

Anastrozole Adverse Drug Reactions/Special Considerations — — Hot flashes, joint/bone pain, nausea, weight gain, increased cholesterol

Letrozole Femara — Aromatase inhibitor

Letrozole PO/Function/Common Use PO — Blocks estrogen production — Anti-estrogen to prevent breast cancer

Letrozole Adverse Drug Reactions/Special Considerations — — Hot flashes, joint/bone pain, nausea, weight gain, increased cholesterol