Chapter 2 — Identity and the Forces of Globalization

Focuses on how globalization spreads and how it affects people's identities.

Forces of globalization

Factors that increase global connections, such as trade, technology, transportation, and media.

Trade

The exchange of goods and services.

Transnational corporation (TNC)

A company that operates in multiple countries. Example: McDonald's.

Transportation technology

Technology that moves people and goods between places.

Communication technology

Tools that allow people to communicate, such as phones and the internet.

Economic globalization

The growing connections between countries' economies.

Political globalization

Countries and governments becoming more connected through decisions, agreements, and organizations.

Social globalization

The spread of ideas, lifestyles, relationships, and cultural practices across borders.

Environmental globalization

Environmental issues that cross national borders, such as climate change.

Economy of scale

Lower costs per item when production increases.

Foreign investment

Money invested by a person or company in another country.

Import

A good or service bought from another country.

Export

A good or service sold to another country.

Displacement

Being forced or pressured to leave a home or land.

Indigenous peoples

The original peoples of a region and their descendants, with distinct cultures and identities.

Acculturation

Cultural changes that occur through contact with another culture.

Accommodation

Adjusting or making room for cultural differences.

Cultural revitalization

Efforts to restore or strengthen a culture, language, or tradition.

Affirmation of identity

Recognizing, expressing, and strengthening one's identity.

Language revitalization

Efforts to increase the use of a language that is declining or endangered.