ASVAB High-Yield Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards covering high-yield ASVAB topics including Word Knowledge, Arithmetic Reasoning, Mathematics Knowledge, General Science, Electronics Information, Mechanical Comprehension, and Auto & Shop.

AFQT Formula

$\text{AFQT} = 2 \times \text{VE} + \text{AR} + \text{MK}$ (Verbal Expression counts twice in the formula).

Abate

To lessen, reduce, or decrease in intensity.

Abhor

To hate deeply; detest.

Adept

Highly skilled or proficient.

Adverse

Harmful, unfavorable, or opposing.

Advocate

To support or recommend publicly.

Affluent

Wealthy; having abundant resources.

Alleviate

To ease or relieve (pain, burden, etc.).

Ambiguous

Unclear; open to more than one interpretation.

Amiable

Friendly and pleasant.

Apathy

Lack of interest, enthusiasm, or concern.

Arduous

Difficult, tiring, and requiring great effort.

Austere

Severe, strict, or plain; lacking luxury.

Benevolent

Kind, generous, and well-meaning.

Candid

Honest and straightforward; frank.

Concise

Brief and clear; expressing much in few words.

Concur

To agree.

Covert

Secret or hidden.

Credible

Believable; trustworthy.

Deplete

To use up or reduce significantly.

Diligent

Hardworking and careful.

Discreet

Careful and prudent in speech or action (not attracting attention).

Elated

Extremely happy or joyful.

Emulate

To imitate or try to equal.

Feasible

Possible and practical to do.

Fortify

To strengthen or reinforce.

Frugal

Economical; careful with money or resources.

Gregarious

Sociable; enjoying the company of others.

Hostile

Unfriendly or antagonistic.

Impartial

Fair; not biased or taking sides.

Impede

To obstruct, hinder, or slow progress.

Inevitable

Certain to happen; unavoidable.

Infer

To conclude from evidence or reasoning.

Innate

Inborn; natural (not learned).

Integrity

Honesty and strong moral principles.

Intrepid

Fearless; adventurous.

Jeopardy

Danger or risk of loss/harm.

Lucid

Clear and easy to understand.

Meticulous

Extremely careful and precise about details.

Mitigate

To make less severe or intense.

Prudent

Wise and careful; showing good judgment.

Resilient

Able to recover quickly from difficulties.

Tenacious

Persistent; holding firmly to a position or goal.

Volatile

Unstable; likely to change rapidly or become explosive.

Wary

Cautious and watchful.

Prefixes: un- / in- / im- / non-

Means 'not' or 'opposite of' (e.g., unhappy, invisible, impossible, nonessential).

Roots: bene / mal

Bene = good (benefit, benevolent); Mal = bad (malfunction, malicious).

Roots: dict / scrib / script

Dict = speak/say (dictate); Scrib/script = write (describe, manuscript).

Roots: port / ject

Port = carry (transport); Ject = throw (eject, project).

Roots: spect / vis

Spect/vis = look/see (inspect, vision, visible).

Roots: chron / temp

Chron = time (chronological); Temp = time (temporary).

Distance, Rate, Time Formula

$\text{Distance} = \text{Rate} \times \text{Time}$ (or $D = RT$, $R = \frac{D}{T}$, $T = \frac{D}{R}$).

Percent Change Formula

$\text{Percent Change} = \frac{\text{New} - \text{Old}}{\text{Old}} \times 100$ (positive indicates an increase; negative indicates a decrease).

Simple Interest Formula

$\text{Interest} = \text{Principal} \times \text{Rate} \times \text{Time}$ ($I = PRT$), where rate is expressed as a decimal and time is in years.

Work-Rate Formula

$\frac{1}{A} + \frac{1}{B} = \frac{1}{T}$, where $A$ and $B$ are times to do the job alone, and $T$ is time together.

Basic Probability

$$\text{Probability} = \frac{\text{Number of favorable outcomes}}{\text{Total possible outcomes}}$$

Difference of Squares

$$a^2 - b^2 = (a + b)(a - b)$$

Quadratic Formula

$x = \frac{-b \pm \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}}{2a}$ for the equation $ax^2 + bx + c = 0$.

Slope-Intercept Form

$y = mx + b$, where $m$ is the slope and $b$ is the y-intercept.

Pythagorean Theorem

$a^2 + b^2 = c^2$, where $c$ is the hypotenuse of a right triangle.

Prime Number

A whole number greater than $1$ with only two factors: $1$ and itself.

Absolute Value

$|x|$ represents the distance from zero and is always non-negative.

Mitochondria

Cell organelle that produces energy (ATP); known as the 'powerhouse' of the cell.

Nucleus

Cell organelle that contains DNA / genetic material and controls cell activities.

Newton's 1st Law

An object at rest stays at rest (and in motion stays in motion) unless acted on by a force (inertia).

Newton's 2nd Law

$\text{Force} = \text{mass} \times \text{acceleration}$ ($F = ma$).

Newton's 3rd Law

For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.

pH Scale

$0\text{--}6$ is acidic, $7$ is neutral, and $8\text{--}14$ is basic/alkaline.

Density Formula

$$\text{Density} = \frac{\text{Mass}}{\text{Volume}}$$

Ohm's Law

$V = I \times R$ ($\text{Voltage} = \text{Current} \times \text{Resistance}$).

Electrical Power Formula

$P = V \times I$ (Power in watts); also expressed as $P = I^2 R$ or $P = \frac{V^2}{R}$.

Resistor

An electrical component that limits or controls the flow of current.

Capacitor

An electrical component that stores electrical charge.

Diode

An electrical component that allows current to flow in only one direction.

Mechanical Advantage (MA)

$\text{MA} = \frac{\text{Output Force}}{\text{Input Force}}$ (or $\frac{\text{Load}}{\text{Effort}}$).

Class 1 Lever

A lever where the fulcrum is between the effort and the load (e.g., seesaw, crowbar, scissors).

Class 2 Lever

A lever where the load is between the fulcrum and the effort (e.g., wheelbarrow, bottle opener).

Class 3 Lever

A lever where the effort is between the fulcrum and the load (e.g., tweezers, fishing rod, human arm).

Pascal's Principle

Pressure applied to a confined fluid is transmitted equally in all directions.

4-Stroke Engine Cycle

The internal combustion cycle consisting of: Intake → Compression → Power (Combustion) → Exhaust.

Alternator

Charges the battery and powers electrical systems while the engine runs.