Chapter28_Protists

What are the three main domains of life?

Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya.

What is the significance of cyanobacteria in the origin of life?

Cyanobacteria played a major role in converting the early earth’s atmosphere from an oxygen-poor one to an oxygen-rich one.

Which group of organisms includes both red algae and green algae?

Archaeplastida.

What is the primary energy storage compound in red algae?

Starch.

What unique feature defines dinoflagellates?

They have a complex armor made of alveoli and possess two flagella.

What is a proto-eukaryote in the context of endosymbiotic theory?

An ancestral prokaryote that consumed aerobic bacteria that evolved into mitochondria.

What are the main groups of the Protists kingdom according to the lecture?

Excavata, Chromalveolata, Rhizaria, and Unikonta.

How do diatoms differ from other protists?

They have silica-based walls (glass-like) and are unicellular and photosynthetic.

What is the primary function of the alveoli in alveolates?

To provide structural support.

What type of reproduction do ciliates undergo?

They reproduce via binary fission and can increase genetic variation through conjugation.

What disease is caused by an apicomplexan?

Malaria, caused by Plasmodium.

What defines a protist according to the definitions in the notes?

Any non-multicellular eukaryote.

What is the role of the flagella in euglenozoans?

Euglenozoans have modified flagella that help in locomotion.

What happens to coral when zooxanthellae die or are ejected?

The coral undergoes bleaching and eventually dies.

What characteristic do all members of Unikonta share?

They share a rare fusion of three genes.

What do amoebozoans utilize for movement?

Cytoplasmic flow through the extension of pseudopodia.