MME Electrical, Electronics, and Project Management Review

Comprehensive vocabulary flashcards covering electronics, electrical engineering systems, power machines, and project management fundamentals.

Active Filter

An electronic filter circuit containing active components that functions to both filter and amplify a signal.

Schottky Diode

A semiconductor diode formed by the junction of a semiconductor with a metal.

Cascade Amplifier

A multistage amplifier configuration utilized to provide high voltage gain, high input impedance, and low output impedance to minimize loading effects.

Class A Bias

An amplifier biasing condition that sets the quiescent current above cutoff, providing low signal distortion at the expense of low power efficiency.

Threshold Voltage ($V_{th}$)

The minimum gate-to-source voltage required to create an n-type inversion layer in a field-effect transistor.

Program Counter

The register in the 8085A microprocessor used to keep track of the memory address of the next op-code to be executed in the program.

Clamper

An electronic circuit designed to shift the DC reference level of an input signal without altering its waveform shape.

$$I_{CBO}$$

The reverse collector-to-base leakage current composed of minority carriers that flows when the emitter junction is open-circuited; this current doubles approximately every $10\,^{\circ}\text{C}$ rise in temperature.

Nyquist Frequency

The highest frequency component contained in a given analog signal, setting the theoretical limit for sampling without aliasing.

Synchronous Condenser

A synchronous motor operated without a mechanical load under an overexcited condition to draw a leading power factor for power factor correction.

Spinning Reserve

The electric generating capacity that is already synchronized and connected to the power grid, available to the system operator within a short time interval to meet demand spikes or emergency outages.

ACSR Conductor

Aluminum Conductor Steel Reinforced; an overhead transmission line cable featuring a central reinforcing core of steel wire strands surrounded by aluminum conductor strands.

HRC Fuse

High Rupturing Capacity fuse; a protective device designed to safely clear and interrupt high-magnitude short-circuit fault currents.

Candela

The standard SI unit of luminous intensity.

Stroboscopic Effect

An optical phenomenon under fluorescent lamp illumination where rotating machinery parts appear stationary due to the cyclical fluctuation of the light output.

Peak Inverse Voltage (PIV)

The maximum reverse voltage that can be applied across a diode in its non-conducting state without causing breakdown at the junction.

Magnetostriction

The physical change in dimensions resulting from the magnetization of ferromagnetic materials, serving as the primary cause of humming in transformer laminations.

QSAS

Qatar Sustainability Assessment System; a green building certification standard used to evaluate environmental performance in built environments.

Activity (Project Network)

A project task that consumes time while human resources or equipment work or wait.

Merge Activity

An activity in an Activity-on-Node (AON) network that has more than one immediate predecessor activity (represented by multiple arrows entering its node).

Burst Activity

An activity in an Activity-on-Node (AON) network that has more than one immediate successor activity (represented by multiple arrows leaving its node).

Critical Path

The longest sequential activity path through a project network, characterized by activities having the minimum total slack.

Milestone

A significant project event marking the completion of a major deliverable (such as 'Design Software Completed') that consumes zero time.

Total Slack

The amount of time an activity can be delayed without delaying the planned project finish date, calculated as $\text{LS} - \text{ES}$ or $\text{LF} - \text{EF}$.

Laddering

A project scheduling technique that breaks large, continuous activities into smaller sequential segments so that successor activities can begin prior to full completion of preceding work.

Hammock Activity

A special-purpose aggregate activity that represents the usage of ongoing overhead resources or costs across a project segment, deriving its duration directly from the time span between other activities.

Concurrent Engineering

Cross-functional teamwork in development projects where product design, quality engineering, and manufacturing process engineering are executed simultaneously.

Gantt Chart

A graphic presentation of project activities depicted as horizontal bars mapped across a scaled timeline.

Sensitivity (Project Management)

The likelihood or probability that the critical path of a project network will change once execution begins.

Activity-on-Arrow (AOA)

A project network diagramming format in which activities are represented by arrows and network events/milestones are represented by nodes.