A&P muscles

frontalis

Muscle A

raises eyebrows

attaches at Galea Aponeurotica

orbicularis oculi

Muscle B

closes eyes

attaches at lacrimal bone

zygomaticus major

Muscle F

draws angle of mouth upward and laterally

attaches at zygomatic bone

zygomaticus minor

Muscle E

elevates upper lip, exposing upper teeth

attaches at zygomatic bone

orbicularis oris

Muscle H

closes lips

attaches at modiolus of mouth

risorius

Muscle G

draws angle of mouth laterally while laughing

attaches at zygomatic arch

levator labii superioris

Muscle C

elevates upper lip

attaches at zygomatic bone

masseter

Muscle J

elevation of the mandible

attaches at zygomatic arch

buccinator

Muscle D

compresses cheek against teeth and gums while chewing

alveolar processes of mandible and maxilla

platysma

Muscle I

draws lower lip downward

attaches at mandible

temporalis

Muscle K

elevation, retraction, and excursion of the mandible

attaches at mandibular ramus

sternocleidomastoid

Muscle B

rotates head

attaches at sternum

levator scapulae

Muscle C

elevates scapula

attaches at scapula

scalenes

Muscle A

bending and turning the neck

cervical vertebrae

external intercostals

Muscle A

elevate and protract ribs

attaches at inferior margins of ribs 1-11

internal intercostals

Muscle B

elevates ribs and expands thoracic cavity

attaches at superior margins of ribs 2-12

external obliques

Muscle E

stabilizes vertebral column

attaches at ribs 5-12

internal obliques

Muscle M

rotates waiste

attaches at inguinal ligament

transversus abdominus

Muscle I

compresses abdominal contents

attaches at linea alba

rectus abdominus

Muscle F

flexes waist

attaches at xiphoid process

serratus anterior

Muscle K

rotates scapula upward

attaches at lateral surfaces of ribs 1-9

pectoralis major

Muscle B

rotates humerus

attaches at clavicle

pectoralis minor

Muscle J (and B)

pulls scapula forward
attaches at coracoid process of scapula

diaphragm

controls inhalation and expiration

attaches to xiphoid process

longissimus (erector spinae)

Muscle F2

rotates the head

attaches at thoracic vertebra

spinalis (erector spinae)

Muscle F3

extends spine

attaches at thoracic vertebra

iliocostalis (erector spinae)

Muscle F1

extends spine

attaches at sacrum

trapezius

Muscle A

laterally flexes neck

attaches at spine of scapula

splenius capitis

Muscle C

extends head

occipital bone

rhomboid major

Muscle D

flexes scapula

medial border of scapula

rhomboid minor

Muscle B

flexes scapula

medial border of scapula

quadratus lumborum

Muscle N

extension of lumbar spine

attaches at pelvis

latissimus dorsi

Muscle D

rotation of humerus

attaches to illiac crest

deltoid

Muscle A

rotate and abduct arm at humerus

attaches at acromion and spine of scapula

supraspinatus

Muscle A

abducts arm

attaches at humerus

Infraspinatus

Muscle B

Laterally rotates humerus

attaches at humerus

subscapularis

Muscle A

rotates humerus medially

attaches at humerus

Teres major

Muscle D

extends and medially rotates humerus

attaches at humerus

Teres minor

Muscle C

rotates humerus laterally

attaches at humerus

biceps brachii

muscle C

supinates forearm and flexes elbow

attaches at radius

brachialis

Muscle D

flexes elbow

attaches at ulna

lateral head of triceps brachii

Muscle B1

extends forarm at elbow

attaches at humerus

long head of triceps brachii

Muscle B2

extends and adducts humerus

attaches at glenoid cavity

medial head of triceps brachii

Muscle B3

extends forearm at elbow

attaches at humerus

brachioradialis

Muscle E

flexes forearm at elbow

attaches at radius

supinator

Muscle A

supinates forearm

attaches at humerus

pronator teres

Muscle E

assists in pronation, weakly flexes elbow

attaches at humerus

Palmaris longus

Muscle I

anchors skin, resists shearing forces

attaches at humerus

flexor carpi radialis

Muscle H

flexes wrist

attaches at humerus

flexor carpi ulnaris

Muscle J

flexes wrist

attaches at humerus

extensor carpi radialus longus

Muscle I

extends wrist

attaches at humerus

extensor carpi ulnaris

Muscle D

extends wrist

attaches at humerus

flexor digitorum profundus

Muscle B

flexes wrist

attaches to ulna

flexor digitorum superficialis

Muscle A

flexes wrist

attaches at humerus

extensor digitorum

Muscle K

extends wrist

attaches at humerus

anconeus

Muscle B

extends forearm at elbow

attaches at humerus

gluteus maximus

Muscle B

extends thigh at hip

attaches at gluteal line of illium

gluteus medius

Muscle A

abducts thigh

attaches at greater trochanter of femur

tensor fascia latae

Muscle D

extends knee

attaches at iliac crest

adductor brevis

Muscle C

adducts thigh

attaches at linea aspera of femur

adductor longus

Muscle D

adducts thigh

attaches at linea aspera of femur

adductor magnus

Muscle B

adducts thigh

attaches at linea aspera of femur

gracilis

Muscle E

flexes tibia at knee

attaches at medial surface of tibia

iliacus (iliopsoas)

Muscle B

flexes thigh at hip

attaches at lesser trochanter of femur

psoas major (iliopsoas)

Muscle A

flexes thigh at hip

attaches at lesser trochanter of femur

pectineus

Muscle A

flexes and adducts thigh

attaches at superior ramus of pubis

sartorius

Muscle E

abducts thigh

attaches at superior spine of ilium

biceps femoris

muscle E

flexes knee

attaches at head of fibula

semitendinosus

Muscle D

flexes knee

attaches at ischial tuberosity

semimembraneosus

Muscle F

flexes knee

attaches at ischial tuberosity

vastus lateralis

Muscle G

extends knee

attaches at greater trochanter of femur

vastus intermedius

Muscle A

extends knee

attaches at anterior surface of femur shaft

vastus medialis

Muscle H

extends knee

attaches at linea aspera of femur

rectus femoris

Muscle F

flexes thigh at hip

anterior inferior spine of ilium

tibialis anterior

Muscle A

dorsiflexes foot

attaches at lateral condyle of tibia

gastrocnemius (medial and lateral head)

Muscle A

plantar flexes foot

attaches at calcaneus

soleus

Muscle F

plantar flexes foot

attaches at calcaneus

fibularis longus

Muscle A

plantar flexes foot

attaches at head of fibula

axon

feature H

dendrites

feature A

axon terminal

feature N

cell body

feature B

unipolar neuron

hove cell body budding off of axon

bipolar neurons

central dendrite and axon comming off of central cell body

multipolar neurons

pyramidal or peripheral neurons, vast branching dendrites

sensory (afferent) neurons

labeled 1, conduct signals from receptors to the CNS

motor (efferent) neurons

labeled 3, conduct signals from the CNS to effectors like muscles and glands

interneurons

labeled 2, confined to the CNS

epineurium

feature B

perineurium

feature A

endoneurium

feature A

myelin sheath

feature C

satellite cells

feature A

dorsal root

structure H

ventral root

structure G

posterior median sulcus

structure I

central canal

structure A

gray commissure

structure F

anterior median fissure

structure E

cervical enlargement

structure B