bacteria and archaea

Bacteria (prokaryotic)

Single celled, with basic cell structure

Archaea (prokaryotes)

Single celled, inhabit extreme environments. Similar to bacteria but posses cellular machinery resembling Eukaryotes

Eukarya (eukaryotes)

Complex organisms containing membrane bound nuclei and organelles. Can be unicellular colonial or complex multicellular entities.

Requirements to be considered alive

DNA and rna

Cell membrane

Ribosomes

ATP

Archaea differences from bacteria

Different proteins in their cell walls

Different cell membrane components

Different cellular machinery

No known pathogens

Eukaryotes branched off archaea

Eukaryotes are derived from an ancient archaeal cell

They have genetic similarities

Mal

Biological functions of bacteria

Cause diseases ofc

Human micro biome

• Digest food

• immune system

• Making vitamins

Environmental and plant health

• protect them from fungi

• Have microbiomes to keep them healthy

Methanogens

Use H2 (dihydrogen) to reduce (CO2) carbon dioxide into methane

Halophiles

Thrive in water 10x salty as the ocean

Thermophiles

Heat tolerant, up to 105 Celsius

Acidophiles

Acid tolerant- in pH below 1.0 (battery acid)

Bacteria vs eukarya reproduction

Prokaryotes, bacteria and archaea, undergo binary fission (asexually) and get genetic from the environment or horizontal gene transfer

So no meiosis