Lesson 3 - Culture and Human Needs

Ecological Realities

In order for people to survive, they must adapt to the ________ that contextualize their lives.

Abundance of Resources

_________ results to individualism and looseness, specifically people’s loose adherence to norms

Scarce of Resources

________ results to collectivism, which encourages and requires people to work cooperatively

Agricultural Societies

Collectivism is most frequently observable in ___________

False

Urban samples are more collectivist than rural samples.

True or False

Physiological Survival

In agricutural cultures, cooperation may be necessary for survival because it is required to fulfill the demands of _________

True

In agricultural cultures, cooperation may be necessary for survival as it paves the way for the majority to survive.

True or False

False

Responses to industrialization, urbanization, globalization, and technological innovation does not influence child-rearing practices, family structure, and educational policy.

True or False

True

The realities of an ecological environment create the conditions for developing and transmitting particular cultural responses.

True or False

Meaning in Life

The human experience of _________ is thought to be a foundation of wellbeing and is in fact a central human motivation.

Self-Esteem

Culture and Psychological needs highlights the vital role of _________

Culture

Cultural and Psychological needs accentuates the view that meaning is a human need, and this need is addressed by ______

Meaning

__________ serves as a lens through which people view and interpret the world and provides guidelines for how people should behave in varied situations.

Reflexivity

It refers to the subjectivity and standpoint of the person

Social Representations

These are concepts or systems that establish the means for individuals to categorize and place themselves within their world and allow communication between individuals who share the same culture and social world.

Meaning

It helps peope cope with traumatic life events and manage the “terror inherent in the human condition”

True

Meaning provides people with expectations for themselves, others, and the world around them

True or False

Self-Esteem

Meaning provides for the opportunity to construct the self perception that one has value in a meaningful world resulting in what we call __________

Fundamental Human Need

Maintaining a sense of meaning has been proposed as a _______

Universal

Human needs are proposed as _________, but how those needs are addressed varies across cultures in response to the ecology and environment to which it responds.

Cultures

Human needs are proposed as universal, but how those needs are addressed varies across _________ in response to the ecology and environment to which it responds.

Maslow

________ considered self-esteem to be a universal need; however, it is constructed differently across cultures.

Americans

An example of cultural variation is _________ tend to have high self-esteem with disengaged emotions, such as feeling effective, superior, and proud.

Asians

An example of cultural variation is _________ tend to have high self-esteem with positive social engagement, such as feeling close, friendly, and respectful.

Anxiety

One of the reasons that Maslow think that self-esteem is a human need is because it is inversely related to _______

True

If meaning is essential for the construction of anxiety buffering, self-esteem, one may see that culture infuses the world with meaning.

True or False

Self-Determination Theory

It proposes that certain evolved psychological needs must be satisfied if individuals are to achieve and develop to thier fullest potential

Autonomy

It refers to perceiving one’s behavior as freely chosen and volitional rather than imposed by external forces

Relatedness

It refers to the need to feel a sense of connectedness and belonging

Competence

It refers to the need to feel that one is capable and effective in one’s actions.

False

Studies show that there was an evidence for higher MIL in inpatients with a spectrum of mental disorders.

True or False

True

Studies conclude taht meaning construction in therapy may be useful to help patients overcome psychological problems and make life worth living.

True or False

Shared Meaning

In the perspective of Culture as a Roadmap for Living, it is seen as a system of _________.

True

If meaning is a human need then the disruption of culture(s) should, predictively have serious consequences.

True or False

Disintegration and Dislocation

Studies suggest that cultural _________ have been associated with certain patterns of personal and social dysfunction such as substance abuse, hopelessness, and suicide

Cultural Disintegration

Which concept implies a circumstance at the extreme end of the acculturation process, making it likely to have the most profound negative effects on individuals?

Cultural Dislocation

Which concept refers to the removal of a person from a location organized by a particular set of cultural practices and placing them in another location organized by a substantially different set of cultural practices?

Indigenous People

_________ suffer the greatest suicide risk among cultural or ethnic groups worldwide.

Marquesas

Report indicates that “of all the Polynesian island groups, the _________ suffered the greatest population decline from diseases brought by Western contact.”

Psychological Functions

In addressing core human needs, such as a sense of coherence, purpose, value, and meaning, we must consider __________ and the role of cultures.

Prescriptions

In the context of Culture in Living a Moral World, culture offers ontological _________ of how to “be” and “how to live.”

Culture in Living a Moral World

In _______, the question is universal and the answers vary according to specific circumstances and ecological realities.

Moral Universe

In the context of Culture in Living a Moral World, cultures offer a “road map for living” and a __________ that tells us how to do the right thing.

Buddhism

One religious example of culture is the belief of _________, which believes that to live is suffer.

Christianity

One religious example of culture is the belief of _________, where the eternal life is through the faith in Jesus Christ (Bible).

Islam

One religious example of culture is the belief of _________, where they see Allah as their “One god” (Quran).

Judaism

One religious example of culture is the belief of _________, where they believe in the God of Abraham (Torah)

Hinduism

One religious example of culture is the belief of _________, where Karma is a concept, and a reincarnated life will depend on how the past life was spent.