quiz 2 lab

partss of mass spectrometer

1. make ions

2. mass filter

3. ion detector

all of mass spect happens in the gas phase.

Mass Spectra

Base peak- tallest one

Molecular ion- highest m/z value. Farthest right

what can we learn from Ms fragment

distinguish isomers, most stable

isotopic patterns

produces m+2 peaks.

Cl( 3:1) should be 3 times as tall as the m+2, and Br should be the same size .

size is from relative abudance of isotopes.

NMR

pieces of info we can get

1. what groups are present ( how many protons envrionments there are # of signals, integration for each signal, peak splitting( neighboir hydrogensn n+1), chemical environment( ppm)

2. 2. number of neighboring carbons( peak spliting)

3. integration( how many hydrogens are in that location

4. baed on location of peak, we know chemical information( more deshhielded, more closer it is to a electronegative atom.

aromatic ring substitution patterns

ortho:

meta

para

tri-sub