Geography - Tropical Rainforests, Mangroves, and Resource Management

Fill-in-the-blank practice flashcards covering exam answering techniques, renewable and non-renewable energy resources, conservation methods, tropical rainforest structures and adaptations, coastal erosion, and mangrove plant zonation.

A question asking 'Using fig 1, describe…' means you __________ can get or use answers from Figure 1.

only

Answering a prompt stating 'With reference to fig 1, describe…' allows you to use Figure 1 and knowledge from the __________.

textbook

Answering a question requiring an annotated diagram requires both identification and a __________.

description

A resource is renewable if it is received daily and replenished within the __________ time period when used.

same

A resource is non-renewable because it takes __________ of years to form and is used faster than replaced.

millions

Nuclear fuels such as __________ are classified as non-renewable energy sources.

wanium

Lowering the consumption of raw materials is an example of the conservation method known as __________.

Reduce

Reusing wooden crates as furniture is an example of the conservation method known as __________.

Reuse

Extracting useful materials from waste by composting food scraps is an example of the conservation method known as __________.

Recover

Dense root systems of mangrove plants trap and stabilize loose __________ on the coast.

sediments

Roots, trunks, and branches of mangrove plants cause friction with waves, causing waves to lose a significant amount of __________.

energy

Absorbed $CO_2$ is stored in solid form within plant branches, leaves, stems, and __________.

roots

Roots of tropical rainforest plants bind soil together, making it harder to __________.

erode

Deforestation involves the permanent removal of trees through burning or cutting down, releasing stored carbon as __________.

$$CO_2$$

Two resources extracted from tropical forests are wood and __________.

metal

Four human activities causing deforestation are mining, agriculture, aquaculture, and __________.

logging

Logging involves cutting down trees to obtain wood for construction and wood-based __________.

furniture

Agriculture requires trees to be cut down to create more land space and to provide wood for fuel used in agricultural __________.

machinery

Four ways to manage tropical forests sustainably are establishing protected areas, regulating forestry activities, rehabilitating disturbed areas, and promoting __________.

public education

Five environmental functions of tropical forests are generating oxygen, contributing to carbon storage, providing habitat for diverse life, preventing soil erosion, and preventing __________ erosion.

coastal

In tropical climates, rainfall is consistent throughout the year with more than $100\,\text{mm}$ per __________.

month

In a tropical climate, the range of temperature is small at less than __________.

$$1^\circ\text{C}$$

Broad leaves allow plants to absorb more sunlight to make food through __________.

photosynthesis

Drip tips allow rainwater to flow off leaves easily to prevent the growth of __________ and bacteria.

fungi

Mangrove plants have relatively uniform height because they cannot tolerate __________ conditions.

shaded

Mangrove plant species such as Sonneratia are found close to low-tide level because they can tolerate higher __________ levels.

salinity

Plant species such as Exocarnia and Ceriops are found closer to higher tide levels where the duration of flooding is __________.

shorter

Adaptive leaves of Avicemia mangrove plants are __________-secreting to remove salt from absorbed saltwater.

salt

Salt crystals left behind on Avicemia leaf surfaces after evaporation are subsequently removed by rain or __________.

wind

Tropical rainforests are located along the line of latitude known as the __________.

equator

Three countries with tropical rainforests listed in the notes are Brazil, Indonesia, and Democratic Republic of the __________.

Congo

The canopy layer of a tropical rainforest prevents $97\%$ to $98\%$ of __________ from reaching the undergrowth.

sunlight

The tallest trees in the tropical rainforest can grow up to $30\,\text{m}$ or more and belong to the __________ layer.

emergent

Large root structures that keep tropical rainforest trees upright and can grow up to $5\,\text{m}$ above ground are called __________ roots.

buttress