Unit 1 Exam - Environmental Biology

True or False: GIS is extremely useful in environmental science but not applicable in other fields.

False

Why is GIS better at displaying data than using tables, spreadsheets, or lists alone?

GIS can show patterns and relationships by connecting data to specific locations on a map

True or False: GIS is extremely useful and highly applicable in almost every field or career.

True

How does GIS help with data analysis?

By connecting data to geographic locations so patterns, relationships, and trends can be identified.

You are trying to study whether temperature affects the activity levels of octopuses. You have 10 individuals of the same species of octopus, separated into two equal groups. Both groups are given the same type/amount of food, and both tank setups are the same except the water temperature. One tank is set to 20°C, and the other is set at 15°C. Is this an observational or experimental study design?

Experimental

When measuring liquid volumes, where should you look to accurately measure it?

Bottom of meniscus

You are trying to study whether temperature affects the activity levels of octopuses. You have 10 individuals of the same species of octopus, separated into two equal groups. Both groups are given the same type/amount of food, and both tank setups are the same except the water temperature. One tank is set to 20°C, and the other is set at 15°C. Match the experimental variables (Write the letters on the lines. You will use all letters. One line will have 2 letters)

Independent Variable: Water Temperature

Dependent Variable: Activity levels of the octopi

Control Variables: Same amount of food/type of food, Same tank set up

There’s an oyster farm located in a bay. There’s a river that drains into the north side of the bay, which may bring excess nutrients from agricultural runoff. The oyster farm is comparing how their oysters grow in the north end and the south end of the bay. Both locations use the same aquaculture set up, and they both have access to the same source of food. Is this an observational or experimental study design?

Observational

How much would the urchin shell weigh if the tare mass is 2.5g and gross weight is 10.5g?

8.0 g

There’s an oyster farm located in a bay. There’s a river that drains into the north side of the bay, which may bring excess nutrients from agricultural runoff. The oyster farm is comparing how their oysters grow in the north end and the south end of the bay. Both locations use the same aquaculture set up, and they both have access to the same source of food. Match the experimental variables (put the letters on the lines. One line will have 2 letters):

Independent: Two locations

Dependent: Oyster growth results

Control: Same food source, same aquaculture setup

Order the following from 1 to 4 (from first to last step) when you are FINISHED with the

microscope.

_____ The stage is all the way lowered and you take out the slide

_____ Wrap the cord neatly and put the dust cover on

_____ The rheostat is turned to zero and turn off the light switch

_____ Turn the nosepiece/turret to the 4x (low power) objective

1. The stage is all the way lowered and you take out the slide

2. Turn the nosepiece/turret to the 4x (low power) objective

3. The rheostat is turned to zero and turn off the light switch

4. Wrap the cord neatly and put the dust cover on

What property of the microscope flips the image observed?

Objective lenses

You can only use the coarse focus (the bigger focus knob) when:

At the 4x (low power) objective

What is the total magnification if you observe cheek cells with the low power objective lens?

40x

Which of the following should you do FIRST whenever you are done looking at one slide and want to observe another?

The stage is all the way lowered

As you increase magnification does the field of view get brighter or dimmer?

Dimmer

Which of the following is PROPER after you first place a slide on a microscope to look at it?

Make sure the 4x (low power) objective is in place, then use the coarse focus to raise the stage all the way up.

As you increase magnification does the depth of field get larger or smaller?

Smaller

This type of organism’s ecological benefit is that they obtain energy (usually from the sun) and a carbon source (like CO2) to make organic molecules such as sugar. They do this for themselves, but other organisms also benefit from the food and oxygen they release. How would you categorize the mode of nutrition for this organism?

Algae.

Autotrophs (producers).

What type of organism holds the balance within the entire ecosystem by keeping prey populations from overpopulating, or creating habitats and structures that changes the landscape?

Keystone species.

What type of organism digests organic matter outside to break it down so that nutrients can be absorbed? They do this for themselves (as a consumer) but also benefits the ecosystem by releases nutrients back into the environment. How would you categorize the mode of nutrition for this organism?

Mold.

Decomposers.

What type of organism eats are considered primary consumers in the food chain? (there may be more than 1 answer!)

Primary consumers, Plant parasites and herbivores.

Prokaryotic cell

Cells that lack a nucleus and they are small circular DNA is free floating all around the cell.

Eukaryotic cell

Cells that have a membrane bound nucleus that contains their complex double helical DNA.

What are bacteria what is their cellular organization??

They are prokaryotic organisms. Unicellular.

What are archaea and what is their cellular organization?

They are prokaryotic organisms. Unicellular.

Are plankton, amoebas and yeast prokaryotic or eukaryotic?

They are eukaryotic organisms that are single cellular.

Are plants,protists, animals and fungi prokaryotic or eukaryotic?

They are eukaryotic.

Fungi(multi/uni)

Plants(multi)

Protists(Uni/multi)

Animals(multi)

What are autotrophs?

Organisms that can make their own food (producers).

What are heterotrophs? What are their two distinctions?

They are organisms that obtain nutrition from consuming other organisms. Consumers(ingesting and digesting food) or decomposers(dissolving/decomposing food outside, the absorbing the nutrients).

What are species?

A group of organisms that are distinctly different from any other group.

What is a population?

Multiple individual same species living together.

What is a community?

Several populations of different species.

What is an ecosystem?

A community of organisms along with non living resources they depend on (rocks, soil, water, light, etc).

What is a biosphere?

All life on Earth and the places where life exists with the atmosphere.

What is a parasite?

Organisms that will live on or in another species to derive their nutrition at their host’s expense.

What is a mutualistic interaction?

Where both species will benefit from living in conjunction with each other.