Chapter 15 - Project management

Traditional approaches to project management concentrate firmly on ___

thorough planning up front.

Using traditional approaches to project management, once the project scope has been firmly established, every detail of the project is defined through the __________.

WBS

Project__________ varies according to the extent the project scope is known and stable and the technology to be used is known and proven.

uncertainty

In many cases, _________ only begin to understand what they actually desire when they are provided with someone's impression of what they want.

customers

When determining project uncertainty, _________ can be a source of unpredictability.

A) technology

When considering traditional versus agile project management, all the following are part of the traditional project management model EXCEPT

C) continuous design.

When considering traditional versus agile project management, all the following are part of the agile project management model EXCEPT

D) design up front.

__________ represents a fundamental shift away from the traditional plan-driven project management approach by adopting a more experimental and adaptive approach to managing projects.

A) Agile project management

Iterations are short time frames (time boxes) that typically last from __________.

C) 1-4 weeks

When considering the agile project management process, at the end of each iteration

stakeholders and customers review progress and reevaluate priorities.

Scrum uses a series of coordinated meetings to manage the development process. Which of the following is held at the start of each sprint? During this meeting, the product owner and development team negotiate which product backlog items the team will attempt during the next sprint.

A) Sprint planning meeting

Iterative development processes provide the following important advantages EXCEPT

D) ease of comparing actual information against planned.

Scrum relies on three key roles. A person who facilitates the Scrum process and resolves impediments at the team and organizational level is called a

A) scrum master.

Specific features are created using Scrum methodology according to four distinct phases. Which of the following places these phases in the correct order?

C) Analysis, Design, Build, Test

While agile project management does not consist of one set method, most methods are based on similar principles. Which of the following agile project management principles would be described when employing business-driven prioritizations of requirements and features to satisfy customer needs?

A) Focus on customer value

43) While agile project management does not consist of one set method, most methods are based on similar principles. Which of the following agile project management principles would be described when creating a flow of value to customers by chunking project delivery into small, functioning increments?

B) Iterative and incremental delivery

44) While agile project management does not consist of one set method, most methods are based on similar principles. Which of the following agile project management principles would be described when testing assumptions early and building working prototypes to solicit customer feedback and refine product requirements?

C) Experimentation and adaptation

45) While agile project management does not consist of one set method, most methods are based on similar principles. Which of the following agile project management principles would be described when team members decide among themselves who should do

what and what should be done?

D) Self-organization

46) While agile project management does not consist of one set method, most methods are based on similar principles. Which of the following agile project management principles would be described when teams reflect, learn, and adapt to change, and when project

work updates the plan?

E) Continuous improvement

47) A new holistic approach in new commercial product development efforts where the cross-functional team collaborating to develop a new product is compared to rugby, where the whole team tries to go the distance as a unit is known as

A) scrum.

48) A__________ is defined as a piece of a product that delivers some useful functionality to a customer.

D) feature

49) Specific features are created using the Scrum methodology according to four distinct phases. Which of the following is NOT one of these phases?

B) Monitor

50) Scrum relies on three key roles. A person who acts on behalf of customers to represent their interests and who is responsible for ensuring that the development team focuses their efforts on developing a project that will fulfill the business objective of the project is called a

D) product owner.

51) Which of the following is NOT true of a development team using Scrum methodology?

B) They have the authority to change features and priorities at the end of each sprint.

52) Scrum uses a series of coordinated meetings to manage the development process. During which of the following is it discussed what was done since the last meeting, what will be done before the next meeting, and if anything is limiting performance?

B) Release planning meeting

53) Scrum uses a series of coordinated meetings to manage the development process. During which of the following are goals and the general plan for the project established?

B) Release planning meeting

The __________ is the customer's prioritized list of key features desired when the project is completed.

D) product backlog

55) __________ represents the amount of work the team commits to complete during the next sprint.

A) Sprint backlog

56) Agile methods can be used on larger scale projects in which several teams are working on different features at the same time. In practice this condition is called

E) scaling.

57) For some agile projects,__________ are established, which is the maximum budget that should not be exceeded in the development of a given product or service.

D) ceilings

58) Traditional project management practices require

B) a high degree of predictability.

59) In order to hedge against unpredictability within a project, Agile Project Management uses

A) a different risk management process.

60) __________ is the Agile principle where the project team uses business-driven prioritization of requirements and features.

A) Focus on Customer Value

61) __________ is the Agile principle that describes project team members deciding amongst themselves what should be done and who is best suited for it on the team.

C) Self-Organization

62) __________ is the Agile principle that describes the process that teams go through to solve problems to deliver on features expressed by the stakeholder(s).

B) Experimentation and Adaption

__________ is the Agile principle in which the team creates a flow of value to the stakeholder(s) or customer(s) by delivering smaller, functional increments of the project.

D) Iterative and Incremental Delivery

64) __________ is the Agile principle that prescribes the project team learning, reflecting and adapting to change within the Project.

A) Continuous Improvement

65) Which of the following models/methods is not an agile method?

B) Waterfall.

66) __________ project management requires a fairly high degree of predictability to be effective.

B) Traditional

67) The__________ method assumes essential requirements can be defined up front so the software can be designed, built, tested, and released once at the end.

E) waterfall

68) Which of the following is not one of the four value statements of the agile manifesto?

D) Established cost and duration over unpredictable

69) __________ projects evolve rather than are executed.

A) Agile

70) __________ project management involves high and frequent customer interaction.

D) Agile

71) Short time frames (time boxes) that typically last from one to four weeks are called __________.

B) iterations or sprints

72) Using Scrum methodology, specific features are created according to four distinct phases during each sprint. The first phase is__________ and review of functional requirements that will be needed to complete the feature.

E) analysis

73) Using Scrum methodology, specific features are created according to four distinct phases during each sprint. The second phase is the development of a__________ that meets the requirements of the feature.

A) design

74) Using Scrum methodology, specific features are created according to four distinct phases during each sprint. The third phase is to__________ the feature so that it is functional.

B) build

75) Using Scrum methodology, specific features are created according to four distinct phases during each sprint. The last phase includes the__________ and documentation of

the feature.

C) testing

76) In place of a product WBS, Scrum uses product__________ as deliverables.

B) features

77) Scrum uses__________ as deliverables.

C) product features

78) The development team is a key role when considering the Scrum process. The team is__________ in the sense that they decide among themselves who should do what and what should be done.

D) self-organized

79) When teams reflect, learn, and adapt to change, when their work updates the plan, they are following the agile project management principle of __________.

B) continuous improvement

80) Which of the following is not a name given to key roles of the scrum process?

E) XP master

81) At the end of each sprint, the team demonstrate the actual work product increments they have built to the__________ and__________ as part of a Sprint review.

B) product owner, other relevant stakeholders

82) A(n)_________ is a person who acts on behalf of customers/end users to represent their interests.

B) product owner

83) Using Scrum methodology, a(n) _________ is typically made up of five to nine people with cross-functional skill sets.

D) development team

84) Scrum uses a series of coordinated_________ to manage the development process.

A) meetings

85) The customer's prioritized list of key features desired when the project is completed is the_________ backlog.

B) product

86) The product backlog is prioritized by the _________, while the Sprint backlog is prioritized by the _________.

A) product owner, team

87) A recent survey of 3,900 respondents indicate their firms use agile approaches, but only 53% said such agile projects were successful. Which of the following is not a reason for why such agile projects were unsuccessful (were failures)?

C) The projects involved requirements that were unstable or unknown

88) For large projects, scaling can be used in which several teams work on sprints concurrently. The chief challenge with scaling is _________.

C) integration

89) Agile methods appear to work best on _________ projects that require only five to nine dedicated team members to complete the work.

A) small

90) The meeting meant to reflect on how well the previous sprint went and identify specific actions that can improve future sprints is called a sprint_________ meeting.

B) retrospective

91) The more the project scope is unknown, the _________ of the project will be greater.

A) uncertainty

92) When faced with a project having multiple stakeholders and an unknown scope, _________ project management methods should be employed.

D) agile

Traditional approaches to project management concentrate firmly on thorough planning up front.

True

In agile project management, projects evolve rather than are executed.

True

Traditional project management requires a significant degree of predictability to be effective.

True

Project difficulty varies according to the extent the project scope is known and stable and the technology to be used is known and proven.

False

When the project scope and/or technology are not fully known, things become much less predictable.

True

Agile project management is ideal for exploratory projects in which requirements need to be discovered and new technology tested.

True

Fixed scope is part of the agile project management model.

False

Freezing the design as late as possible is a common characteristic of the agile project management model.

True

Owners have the option to change features and priorities at the end of each sprint if desired. However, no changes should be made once a sprint has started.

True

In Scrum methodology, it is important to make sure roles and titles are clearfor the development team.

False

The Scrum master is not the leader of the team but acts as a buffer between the team and outside interferences.

True

Scrum does not use any of the conventional project management tools like Gantt charts or network diagrams.

True

Specific features are created using Scrum methodology according to four distinct phases: analysis, design, monitor, and test.

False

The purpose of release planning is to establish the goals and a general WBS for the project.

False

Agile project management does not satisfy top management's need for budget, scope, and schedule control.

True

Securing the cooperation of customers to devote the necessary time to support agile project management is a common source of frustration in the field.

True

A sprint burndown chart is used to monitor progress toward completion of the project.

False

Continuous improvement is a principle found in most agile project management methods. It is demonstrated when teams reflect, learn, and adapt to change; work updates the plan.

True

A disadvantage of an iterative development process used in agile project management is that it is difficult to detect defects and problems early.

False

The goal of each sprint is to produce fully functional features that can be released to, and used by, the customer.

True

Plan driven methods of Project Management will suffer when the project scope and technology are not fully known.

True