ICT FLASHCARDS

ICT

Information and communication technologies that impact various sectors.

GDPR

General Data Protection Regulation; law governing data protection and privacy in the EU.

Coopetition

A combination of competition and collaboration between companies.

Disruption

The introduction of a new product or service that changes the market dynamics for consumers.

Dark pattern design

Design techniques used to manipulate users into giving up their data unknowingly.

Unicorn

A privately held startup valued at over $1 billion.

Techplomacy

A diplomatic approach addressing the influence of technology firms in geopolitics.

Digital divide

The gap between those who have easy access to digital technology and those who do not.

MNO

Mobile Network Operators, the companies that provide mobile telecommunications services.

Big Data

The massive volume of data generated and exchanged by humans and machines.

5Vs

Volume, veracity, velocity, variety, value - characteristics describing data.

BATX

An acronym for four major Chinese tech companies: Baidu, Alibaba, Tencent, and Xiaomi.

Privacy by design

Embedding privacy considerations into the design of products and services.

Hectocorn

A privately held company valued at over $100 billion.

Decacorn

A privately held startup valued at over $10 billion.

Zebra

A startup focused on social impact rather than solely on profit.

Value Chain

A series of steps a company takes to deliver a product or service to the market.

Access based control

A strategy that limits information access to authorized employees.

Advanced Persistent Threat (APT)

Sophisticated, ongoing cyber threats that remain undetected for long periods.

Ransomware

Malware that encrypts data and demands payment for its release.

Cyberwarfare

Cyber attacks targeting a nation's strategic infrastructure to cause disruption.

Social engineering

Manipulating individuals to reveal confidential information.

Phishing

Fraudulent attempts to obtain sensitive information by disguising as trustworthy entities.

Market players

Different types of businesses operating within a specific market.

Data brokers

Entities that collect and share personal data without individuals' consent.

E-commerce directives

Regulations established to ensure fair competition in online markets.

App Tracking Transparency (ATT)

A privacy feature introduced by Apple that requires apps to request user permission for tracking.

Net neutrality

The principle that internet service providers must treat all data equally, without discrimination.

Tech giants

Large technology companies that dominate the market and influence economic policies.

Market capitalization

The total value of a company's outstanding shares of stock.

Diversity of BM (Business Model)

The strategy of tech companies to diversify their offerings across multiple sectors.

Digital Silk Road

China's initiative to connect global markets through technology.

Unstable macro eco environment

An economic climate characterized by uncertainty and volatility affecting business operations.

Cybersecurity

The practice of protecting systems, networks, and programs from digital attacks.

Brute force attack

An attack method involving exhaustive trial and error to guess passwords or encryption keys.

Digital service act package

Legislation aimed at regulating digital services and promoting a competitive online environment.

Corporate social responsibility (CSR)

A business model that helps a company be socially accountable to itself, its stakeholders, and the public.

Silk Road aim

China's strategic goal to establish economic connections with various regions through trade.

Human factor in cybersecurity

The critical role that human behavior plays in the effectiveness of cybersecurity measures.

Zero trust policy

A security framework where no one is trusted by default, regardless of location.

Rivalry in ITC

Competition in the information technology and communications sector that relies on data.

Innovation

The introduction of new ideas, products, or processes that enhance efficiency or effectiveness.

Latency

The delay before a transfer of data begins following an instruction for its transfer.

Digital protectionism

A strategy used by countries to promote their own technology industries while limiting foreign competition.

Content production

The creation of material that can be distributed via digital platforms.

Backwards integration

A strategy where a company expands its control over its supply chain.